Purusha Suktam Lecture 11 on 03-August-2023

Full Transcript (Not Corrected)

We are studying Purusha Suktam. In our last class we have been dealing with the ninth part of this Purusha Suktam. And it goes like this. Tasmad Ignat Sarvahutaha Sambhrutam Prishadadhyam Pashon Tanchakre Vayavyan Aranyan Gramyas Chahe From this sacrifice in which the Purusha, otherwise called Brahman, was sacrificed, has been produced ghee mixed with curd. He, the Brahman Purusha, then created all the animals. Out of Prajapati or Brahman came all the animals. Animals living in the air, animals that live in forests or otherwise wild, animals that live in villages, which means domesticated. Ghee mixed with curd emerged from the Sarvahutaha Yagna, which is a world Yagna. Brahma created birds, wild animals like deer and tiger and animals like both wild as well as domesticated, both cruel as well as mild. This was what we were talking. Before we go further, a few points we have to understand, otherwise we will not get the real meaning of this Purusha Suktam or any other Suktam for that matter. Whenever an ignorant person thinks about creation as if it is like a potter creating a pot, that's not the idea at all. According to Advaita, it is like clay becoming a pot. But this clay example is not a very edifying example. It is an inadequate example because clay doesn't have any consciousness. But this Brahma or Virat or Prajapati or Ishwara, Saguna Brahma, it is Shuddha Chaitanyam, pure Chaitanyam and He Himself is manifesting. For that, the most wonderful example is that we are creating the entire universe, including our own individuality in our dreams. Everyone is doing that, not only human beings, all living creatures. They go through the three states of waking, dream as well as deep sleep. So what is the first point? Brahman Himself became this universe. What is the second point? As individuals, we are creating ourselves. There is no Brahma. Shri Ram Krishna illustrated this point. There is an elderly person in the family and she sows the seeds at the beginning of the rainy season, all the vegetables, some fruits, etc. And when they give the harvest and then at the end of two months, three months, they die, but they produce seeds before they die and those seeds are kept by the elderly person. And when the next rainy season comes, she cleans the land and cultivates what we call cultivation and that is what big farm, small farm, everybody does it. Just till the land, add some fertilizers and sow the seeds and the seeds themselves, whatever be the seed, it may be rice, it may be wheat or it may be gram or it may be fruits like apple or coconut or whatever it is, each seed will be manifesting, taking advantage of the soil, water as well as climate. So, we are creating ourselves. Continuously, we are, through our actions, creating ourselves, recreating ourselves, fashioning ourselves, refashioning ourselves. So, who is responsible? Ourselves. What is this point here? Point is, if we are the creators, we cannot blame anybody for our happiness and unhappiness. Who created my happiness? Myself. Who created my suffering and unhappiness? Myself only, not God, nobody else. That is beautifully expressed in a Bengali bhajan, Dosh Karo Noi Goma Amishvakatha Sholile Dubey Morishama. If I am suffering, O Mother, it is not anyone's fault, my own fault. I myself have created, dug a well and virulent poison, halahala visha, had come up and I am falling in the pit, dug with my own hands and I have brought on suffering. But we should not say only suffering, if I am happy, I am doing it. This is the next point. Third point, most important point, that we all came from Brahman and the Shruti, scripture, is never tiring to point out, O my friend, you have come from God and you are going back to God. It is an inevitable fact, evolution, you came from God. Evolution, you are going back to God. So, we will have to keep that in mind. And while going towards God, we can help ourselves with effort, that is, stretching our hand so that God can pull us up. That is called self-effort. So, these three points we have to keep in mind. Now, additional two points I want to tell you. One point is that God has given us immense opportunity. Every moment, every day, every next second is an opportunity to make ourselves better people. And we have to learn our lesson that our goal is God and we have to go to God. And we cannot go to God because no finite being ever can become infinite. But the infinite can destroy our finitude and we can become infinite. This is one minor point. So, our whole life is an opportunity to progress in spiritual life. And the last, what is the next point, that life is meant only for spiritual growth. It is a mistaken misnomer, mistaken notion that we are born here only to enjoy things and it is a world of competition. Ultimately, spirituality is the only solution. Why? Spirituality means physical health, mental health, moral health, aesthetic health, and spiritual health. All health are included in spirituality. Forget about our personal concept of God. This should be the broadest idea that we have to keep in mind. Now, to recollect what we have discussed. So, Brahman decided to become many. He divided creation into two parts. Purva Srishti and Uttara Srishti. What is Purva Srishti? Earlier, recollect that I have given an example. What is it? A person wants to start a new business. So, what does he do? He has a crystal idea what he wants to do. And he wants to build perhaps a factory. So, he hires a few people and then he delegates the work. Now, you complete this project. Let the building or factory come out. And then you hire more people. And you put them in their appropriate places, skills. And then see that the ball starts rolling. The factory starts producing. Then production. Then distribution. Then learning from how to improve it all the time. For all this, Purva Srishti, that means to further creation, one has to hire important people who have ideas. Ideal or idea creation is called Purva Srishti. For that, they have given three names. Devaha, Sadhyaha, Rishis. What do the Rishis represent? The basic knowledge to turn an idea into a project, a working project. And Devahas represent the strength, the energy to execute the idea into actual, physical, practical dimensions. And Sadhyas are those people, effort people. The word Sadhya is a very important word in Advaita Vedanta. Sadhana. Sadhya means that which can be achieved. It also means effort. So even for higher officers, they require what we call sub-officers, lower officers who will be doing various tasks. And these people will be like managers. So we need knowledge. We need managers. We need assistants for the managers. Rishis represent the knowledge. Devahas represent the managers. Sadhyas represent their assistants. All these are employed. This is all included in the Purva Srishti. But to create a factory, we require material. And where to get material in this creation of this whole universe? Before creation of the universe, there was no material. So first he created this Purva Srishti, the Rishis, the Devahas and the Sadhyas. And then they needed material. Who is that material? They did not find the material anywhere. It is God Himself who has become the material. That is why that marvellous idea, Abhinna, Nimitta, Upatana, Karana. God is the intelligent cause as well as the material cause. So God as intelligent cause had subdivided Himself into Rishis or Brahma. Brahma created or transformed Himself into Rishis, Devahas and Sadhyas. And then they required material. And then they found God alone is the material. So they used it. That material is called Purusha. And they took that material and fashioned it just as we take wheat dough and then prepare. It could be poori, it could be chapati, it could be parotta, it could be round, it could be flat shaped, any particular shape. It could be with potatoes, without potatoes, so many varieties. That is exactly the dough, the raw material is Bhagawan. This is the meaning. And remember all this is a mentally creative act. That creative act they have done and these ideas have sprung up. One important point before we proceed further. This was what was explained by Swami Vivekananda to His disciple Sharad Chandra Chakravarti. That when you and I say we want to produce a cow, we will have to struggle a lot. We cannot produce a cow just like that. But God Himself has become the cow and it is already present. The cows that we see as an example is the raw material. Then we see different types of cows. That cow is stronger, more resistant to diseases. And this cow is weak. And this cow gives little milk. And the other cow gives more milk. So this is called hybridization. And this hybridization process is coming out of the creative ideas. The person who does it, whether it is cows or chickens or birds or dogs. How many thousands of varieties of dogs have been bred. The moment you say bred, you don't need to do breed. But what is your role? You choose which would be the male, which would be the female. What special characteristics? Is it as a pet? Or is it for protection? Or is it for helping the blind people? Or is it helping diseased people? Or is it for digging out buried people? Is it a watchdog? Or is it what type of dog? Or sheep? What is called gathering? That's why it is called sheep dog. So what is it you are looking? First idea. Then that idea which variety of animal have got these characteristics. And that is the creative idea. And that is what the Rishis, the Devas, the Sadhyas represent. That's why I said it is all Manasika Yagna. What is the raw material? Bhagawan. What is the raw material? He is both the creative idea. He is also the material for the creation. So they took Bhagawan as it were. And as it were sacrifice. What is sacrifice? They imagined. Let God be human being. Let God be like this. Earlier we have seen they wanted to do Yagna. What did they do? They did not have the material. So they imagined. This is the spring season. This is the season when plenty of food is available. Ghee is available. And this is the summer season. When fuel is available. This is the autumn season. When different eatable materials are produced. Harvests are gained in. They imagined. And when they imagined, what happened? Their creative idea became a practical concrete form. That is the time is produced. And time is divided according to Hindus into six seasons. We call it Shadritu. Winter season. Spring season. And then summer season. And rainy season. Atomal season. Then there is something called Shishira. And then again winter season. Six seasons. But usually about between three and four seasons are there. Seasons are produced. Why? Because if the creation has to go on. Simply if it is spring season, it will not work. Simply if it is rainy season, it will not work. We require everything. But in its right time. Right amount of time. And right amount of that particular season. For example, if it is too hot. Then Srishti will come to an end. If it is too cold, Srishti will come to an end. But the sun has to control that one. So the sun acts both as the raw material for the division of the seasons. He will also act. He who supplies energy to use these different seasons for a particular purpose. Then only creation can go on. So the Pourva Srishti. That is hiring the certain efficient people, managers. And then telling them. This is the idea I want to translate into some concrete form. And they will hire somebody. And they will gather the material. And they will produce it. The whole Srishti is a mental idea ultimately. That is why our dreams become the foundational stones for what we want to become. That is why Swamiji says. If you have to dream. Dream the highest ideals. Not exact words. But I am paraphrasing those ideas. The highest ideal. Don't dream. I went to the restaurant. I ate Rasagulla. And then I came back and slept. These are all animal dreams. Not human dreams. The highest dreams that one is capable of. What is the highest dream? That is God. This is the background. So what did these people do? They did Sarvahutah. Tasmat Yajnat Sarvahutah. This Yajna is called Sarvahutah. What is Sarvahutah? Sarva means everything. And everything means the material for the production of the creation. Contains everything. Because if the cause is partial. The effect will be partial. So but here Brahman. Brahman himself is the whole universe in a seed form is called Brahman. Brahman this whole universe in a seed form. And what did these Devas do? What do we do with the seed? We first take the seed. And that seed is. We cultivate the land. Put the appropriate seed. At the appropriate season. And we are not creating anything new. And it creates the seed. Itself becomes manifest. Its potentiality. Coconut seed becomes coconut tree producing further coconut seeds. Mango seed produces a mango tree creating further mango seeds. This is how every species that we can experience or even guess. And many things we don't know. How many things have died without our knowledge. Everything is like that. Everything means what? It is infinite. And infinite can come only from the infinite. That is the idea. And that infinite being is called Purusha here. So that Purusha is made as the Egnapashu. That is the raw material for the creation of this entire universe. That is the meaning of Sarva Hutaha Egnath. So they did. Earlier we have seen in the 8th part of the Purusha Sukta. A Devas started. They have taken. Purusha become Egnapashu. Pashu means here. Simply we have to understand raw material is being made into different new material. That is all. Nama and Rupa. This is another way of understanding according to Advaita Vedanta. Brahman with Nama Rupa is Vishwa. Vishwa without Nama Rupa is Brahman. If you grasp this idea, you have grasped. But this marvelous concept. Everything is creative act. And we are doing it all the time, this creative act. All activities can be subdivided into Srishti, Stithi and Laya. Creation, sustenance and making it go back into the unmanifest. Manifest, keep it for some time and take it back into the unmanifest. And again manifest. This Brahma Chakra is going on eternally. If we can grasp these beautiful ideas I have presented just now. Then it would be this Purusha Sukta makes almost a beautiful meaning. Then Sambhrutam Prishat Adhyam. When these Devas, Rishis and Sadhyas when they thought of this Parama Purusha, Virat Purusha. And they wanted to, they applied their ideas. What should come or what should the Virat, the raw material should become. So what did they do? They made him a dough. Just as we make a dough. Then we take wheat powder and we make it dough. Exactly that is what they did but mentally. And what did they make? Sambhrutam Prishat Adhyam. So what happened? Prishat. Prishat means a mixture of Ghee and Curds. That is what they did. Both are products of the Cow. And they did it from the Cow's milk. So many things come out. So these Curds also come out. Buttermilk also is there. And most important is Ghee. That is called Adhyam. So what happened? That the raw material which can be used, usable raw material had come out of this Manasika Yagna. Sambhrutam means it manifested itself. And what did they do? And they took it. And what did they want to do? We are going to create all living beings, Jeevas. And the Srishti has been divided into two parts. The subject and the object. The enjoyer and the enjoyed. The living and the non-living. So if I give the example, please keep in mind. A wife is pregnant. And the parents are expecting a child. What does the parents do? They start planning. We have to buy one small chair for the child. Or a swing for the child. Child's cloths. Child's shoes. Child's napkins. Nappies. And everything that is needed. Child food, etc., etc. They start making. Not after the baby is born. But before the baby is born. Similarly, Gods also want to do. We are going to create the Jeevas. And to sustain them. So that they can go on living. Then we have to create the food for them. So before Jeeva Srishti. Creation of the living creatures. First of all, how are they going to live? Where are they going to live? And what are they going to eat? And how are they going to do? Everything has to be thought. Even like the parents. My child has to be educated. And where is this? Many times, unconsciously we do that. Here are married people. And the wife perhaps has become pregnant. What do the parents do? Now we have to move to that area of the city or town. Where facilities of education or hospital, schools and hospitals are nearby. So that if our child has to be sent to either the school or to the hospital. We require least amount of expenditure of energy. That is exactly what they are going to do. In simple words, we are going to create Jeevatmas, Purushas, human beings. Because human being is the ultimate production of biological evolution. Everything, the whole universe is meant only for the human beings. That was what in the Bible God had created. He worked for six days. He created everything. Finally, He created human beings and said, This whole world I have created for your enjoyment. Unfortunately, that statement has been grossly misunderstood and misapplied even today. That the whole universe is meant only for my sensual enjoyment. No, that is not what is meant. What God means is, for the growth of this human being, for the manifestation of the potentiality of the human, that is called divinity, the whole universe is created so that we can create Karma. Through Karma, we grow. We purify our bodies, our minds. And then when we created the proper instruments, healthy instruments, fit instruments, we use those instruments for the sake of knowing who we really are. Or in simple plain words, how to go to God and be with Him forever. Call it Kingdom of Heaven or Vaikuntha or Brahma Loka, by whatever blessed name you want to call it. This is the purpose. And that is being expressed in this ninth mantra. So what did they do? They took the Virat Purusha and he is the Igna Pashu. That Pashu means here raw material. And then they offered him. That means they took him as the raw material and they thought how to make this entire universe out of this Virat Purusha. And then what is the first thing? As if they made a dove. That dove is in the form of called Prishat Aajyam. Aajyam means worthy of being made into concrete forms. From the viewpoint of the Igna, Aajyam means that which is worthy being offered into the Igna fire, Igna Agni. But here it means a raw material. Just as we take wheat powder, as I mentioned earlier, and then we mix with water and make it a dove. And now it is ready to be practically made into a chapati, into a parota or into a samosa or whatever blessed thing you want to do it. So then what is the first thing? That for the propagation of the Jeevatmas, the food material has to be created. So earlier they created all the seasons. Now they are creating how these seasons can be made into different animals, etc. What are those animals? Only a few are mentioned here. We have to understand everything, all the animals, all the trees, all the forests, all the villages, all the cities. We have to extend our idea. What did they do? Out of that raw material called dove, which is Purusha made ready to be transformed into different Namas and Rupas. Pashun, Tan, Chakre. First, animals have been created. They are the lower creation. The highest creation is human beings. Pashun, Tan, Chakre. Tan, Pashun, Chakre. That is, out of that raw material, these Prishis and Devas and Sardhyas have fashioned Pashus. And a little bit description is there. What were they? Vayuvyaan. Vayuvyaan means those creatures which fly in the air. Vayu, that is all the birds, etc. Birds. And then there must be other animals also. All animals have been created into two categories again. That is Aranyaan and Gramyascha. What is Aranyaan? The wild animals which live in the forest. The animals that live in the forest. That is the first creation. And then slowly human beings were created and they found out these very animals which are living in the forest. They can be domesticated. They can be made to be useful. So the wild cows, wild buffaloes, wild dogs and so many other things, they have been now domesticated to serve human beings. So first birds and then Aranyaan. The forests were created because for the wild animals, they must live in wilder places. Those wilder places are called Aranyas by implication the animals that live in the forests. Then human beings, where they live, they transform every forest into a domesticated village that is very comfortable to live with. Even if a human being is put in Amazon forest, he will somehow fashion because of his superior intelligence. He will create cloths, skins, thin cloths. He will make homes. He learns the ability. Human being has the ability to learn and to pass that knowledge. This is how human beings became superior. And other animals, they can learn. It takes a long time. They can also propagate it to their offspring. That also takes time. So that is why their intelligence is confined only to those places. So Aranyaan, Gramyaas Chaiyya. What happened? This is the plain English translation. From this sacrifice, in which virat means everything. The Sanskrit word virat means universal. That means everything. Both the material, both living and non-living. Was sacrificed, means made ready so that it can be made manifest with different namas and rupas. And only a few of that namarupas have been mentioned here. Rest we have to add, etc. etc. etc. They were sacrificed. Virat means everything. Brahman is everything. And only with namarupa has become this world. And then what was the first material? Ghee mixed with curd, etc. So Prajapati then created all the animals. Animals living in the air. And animals that are wild and as well as domestic. And human beings were also wild. They also became what we call civilized. Which is a misunderstood word. Civilization has nothing to do with the way we dress, with the way we speak, with the way we get education, with the way we interact with each other. Sometimes, or why sometimes? Most of the time, the so-called civilized people are worse than, we cannot even compare them to the animals. Look at what is going on all around us. You will understand what I mean. Animals do not do it. The greatest destructive being is only human being. There is a zoo in Mysore. It is a huge place. All sorts of animals are kept there. And hundreds, thousands of visitors visit it. So there are two doorways. One to enter, another is to exit. So just before the person exits, there is a room. It is written. If you want to see the most dangerous, the most infectious, the most horrible animal in this world, enter into this room. And visitors are naturally very curious. What is that animal? So they open the door. As soon as they open the door, do you know what is there? Only a mirror is there. And when they see, Oh, I am the most dangerous animal in this whole world. So much of destruction is brought only by this so-called civilized. The more civilized, the more destructive he becomes. Because that is not civilization. Civilization means the more refined we become, the more gentle we become, the more pure we become, the more spiritual we become. That is true. So we have seen that the Purusha, who is everything, from that Paramapurusha himself, everything in this world came. First came only the materials required for the propagation of human beings and nothing else. That is the meaning. Then we move on to the tenth part. Tasmād yajnāt sarvahutah. This is the same line that we have seen earlier. Tasmād sarvahutah yajnāt. From that very yajnā, that means what they get, they got the dough. That was called prishat. Prishat means a mixture of ghee plus curds. That is the Vedic Rishis' terminology for the raw material. Then what happened? Simply what it means is all the Vedas have come. Now we may wonder, what is this again? First we said that the birds were produced. Then all the wild animals were produced. And then all the domesticated animals were produced. Actually, domesticated animals were not produced. The wild animals have been slowly observed and they were domesticated by the intelligent human beings for their own further growth. It is a question of interdependence. We depend upon the animals. Of course, animals depend upon us. You look after the cow. Cow also looks after it. That is the idea of a yajna. This is the meaning of that the whole life should be made into a yajna. This was the teaching given by Bhagawan Shri Krishna in the Bhagavad Gita to Arjuna. So, in the self-same, taking the Purusha, what happened? Having created all sorts of animals, even though three types of animals were mentioned in the ninth, but we have to understand they are the ancestors of all the other things that came. This was what the Rishi Charles Darwin had discovered. Everything from one amoeba, the whole universe went on growing, went on evolving into different, different, different animals all because of the inherent teleological urge. I am divine, but I have to manifest my potential divinity. For that, I must manifest my body and mind. Then only the real moral and spiritual journeys will start. For that purpose, the biological evolution, the whole thing started from that one celled creature. And Vedas are not in opposition to that. We completely accept it. So, we agree with Darwin to some extent. Now, what is important is animals are evolving. What are they evolving? What do you mean by evolution? Evolution means better intelligence, better brain, better body. Body must be appropriate to the intelligence. Intelligence must have the instrument which is the exact instrument. If I want to sew a gunny bag, I require one type of needle. If I want to sew the finest silk material, I require another type of instrument, very, very fine needle. And if I want to sew what is called parts of a human being or an animal, we require a different type. So, for every purpose, there is an appropriate instrument. So, these one celled creatures slowly went on evolving all for the final purpose of what is called Moksha. What is Moksha? It is manifestation of the potential divinity completely is called Moksha. That is to know that I came from God. I am moving towards God. I am actively assisting myself in moving towards God. And finally, I have the knowledge I am God. I was never anything else. Aham Brahmasmi. That is the teleological urge, potential divinity. Now, this Vedas came. What are the Vedas? Sama Veda, Rig Veda, Yajur Veda, Sama Veda. So, it is not mentioned here. Adharvana Veda also has to be included. Chatur Veda. So, as knowledge started increasing, later on, this Adharvana Veda. Adharvana was a great Rishi. He was more practical than all other people. So, he discovered so many medications, so many mantras, tantras, so much psychology, everything in the Adharvana Veda. Just a curious information for yourself. All these so-called black magic mantras are mostly from Adharvana Veda. Kerala is famous. West Bengal is famous. Assam is famous. Kashmir is famous. That is why in Telugu we call it Malayala Mantras. So, from that yajna came the manuals. What is the manual? Now, I am in a position to study the scripture and I require, what is a scripture? Whenever you purchase a gadget, along with it comes a manual. And this human body, human personality is the highest gadget created by God. And it also requires a manual. What does the manual do? Two things. First of all, how to maintain it? Do this, don't do this. Secondly, it also tells us who you really are and what should be the goal of your life and how to reach the goal of your life. This is respectively called Tattva, Purushartha and Hita. And that which tells these three is called a Veda. Call it Bible, call it Koran, call it Tripitaka, call it Janda Vista, call it by whatever name, Vedas. These are the three things that these books should tell us. That is, convey the knowledge. Where from this knowledge is coming? From the Rishis. That is why the Rishi part of these managers, they have codified their knowledge. Oh man, you are going to be produced. So, even today, medical authorities issue. When your baby is born, this is what you have to do. This is what you have to prevent. How to bring up the baby? From the experience of millions of people, this is the best way to bring up a baby. That is called a manual. How to look after the baby so that the baby will grow and becomes a fulfiller of his mission in life. That is what exactly is meant. Tasmat Sarvataya Ignat. That Ignat which has all raw materials. Richaha Rigveda. Samani. Samaveda Jagnire. That means it is produced. That means manifested. Not that something new. Chandamsi. And how to understand. That is grammar, etc. All this Vedic knowledge is there in the form of what? In the form of poetry and prose. And we have to have knowledge of the grammar. That's why Paniniya grammar. We require a dictionary. Yaskav is there to explain everything. And then in the fourth line, Ejuhu. That means Rigveda, Ejurveda, Samaveda, and later on Atharvaveda. Then Chandamsi. Chandamsi means, okay, these Vedas are there, but we have to understand those Vedas. How to do it? Of course, you go to the Guru. That is why in every school, what is the first thing they teach us? Grammar. A for apple. B for a ball. Like that, we go on telling with concrete material. Slowly introduce what is a subject, what is an object, what is the nominative case, what is an objective case, what are the names of the seven days of the week, and what are the names of the months. So, all part of the curriculum, so that we can understand the books we are going to read without understanding the grammar, it is impossible for us to squeeze any meaning. And all that is included in this world, Chandamsi. Out of this world's igna, Vishwa Igna, the Rig Veda, the mantras, the Samaveda mantras, and the Gayatri, etc., of the meters emerged. It was from it that also the Ejurveda emerged. In bracket, it was from this, a little later on, the Atharvana Veda also emerged. And this is a marvelous way of trying to understand what does Veda really mean. Veda means a system or a body of knowledge that is given to the human beings for their well-being. So that they learn how to live here happily, how to have more happiness, how to progress, finally, how to know who they are. All knowledge, remember, according to the Vedic knowledge, all knowledge must lead to self-knowledge. The entire body of knowledge comes under the term Veda. And the most essential part of the Veda is Vidhi and Nishayda, do and don't. And that is called Dharma. That is why some commentators tell us that that which promotes our worldly, this world, and the other world, and the spiritual world's welfare, Aiheka, Amushmika, Sukham, that is called Veda. I want to be happy in this world, and I want to be happy in the other world, and I want to become happiness, become God, all those things. And then the Veda also tells us there is a way this world functions. There is a way every machine functions. So that is what is called Rhythm. The English word Rhythm comes from this word Rhythm. What is it? When something is working in rhythm, it is working healthily, happily, and productively. If it is out of rhythm, then very soon it becomes broken, and not only it doesn't lead to happiness, it definitely leads to unhappiness. Simple examples I am giving, that if you breathe improperly, that is out of rhythm. If you eat improperly, that is out of rhythm. If you act improperly, and that rhythm has become, later on, Dharma and Adharma. Then it became Satkarma and Dushkarma. Later on, we were made to understand Dharma leads to Punya, Punya leads to Sukha, and Adharma leads to Papa, Papa leads to unhappiness. So learn these lessons, and avoid Adharma. Become Dharmic. That type of practical life leads us to the real meaning of Dharma, which is what is my real nature. This is the purpose of all Suktas, all Upanishads, all Vedas, every scripture belonging to any type of religion. So rhythm means perfect order. That means my body, my mind. That means the entire universe. Everything must behave, must work in perfect order. For that, the Vedas have given four Purusharthas. Learn what is life, how to live. Practice it. And that is why Dharma, Artha, Kama, and Moksha. That is why Brahmacharya Ashrama to know, Restha Ashrama to experiment, Anaprastha Ashrama to further progress, Sanyasa Ashrama to be identified with the Divine. Only a doubt came here. It is purely an academic doubt. The word Atharva Veda is not included here. But there are two views. Atharvana was a later Rishi. So at the time of this write-up, or expression, teaching, Atharva Rishi has not become famous. So that is one explanation. The second explanation is Atharvana Rishi's teachings, called Atharvana Veda, Atharva Veda, is included in those three Vedas. Only it is not distinctly mentioned as Rig, Aju, Sama, Atharva. That is the only thing that is there. But potentially it is there. That also is rational to say that everything we don't become perfect. We learn a bit in the nursery school, a little more in the elementary, a little more in the middle, a little more in the high school, then college, then university. We grow from smaller knowledge to higher knowledge. So that is the meaning of the knowledge that has been given by whom. All these are springing from the Vedas. What is the second doubt? The second doubt is, one view is there, that these Vedas are Apaurushaya. That is, God has made. And God has made means, a potter has made a pot, potter is separate, pot is separate. No. It is God only is manifesting in the form of knowledge. If God is eternal and Vedas knowledge also is eternal. If both are eternal, the question comes, what do you mean by produced here? Produced means what? It means that we have a system of explanation of Srishti. Brahma, he creates and he gets retired. He requires one holiday, Saturday, Sunday. He sleeps. And that is called Brahma's night. Brahma's day is for work. Brahma's night is for rest. And after a thousand days or hundred days and hundred nights, Ayodhaya, that is thousands of Yugas make one Brahma's day. Thousands of Yugas make Brahma's night. Then he rests for quite some time. That is called Mahapralaya. And at that time, everything will be withdrawn. Everything will be like our Srishti, Karana Sharira, will be in a seed form. When he wakes up, a coconut tree, a seed becomes coconut, mango seed becomes mango, human seed becomes human, etc. It is not newly produced. So when this human being slowly grows up, then he remembers. This flashing of the previous knowledge is called production of the Vedas. That is what we have to understand. Production is not a new production. It is recognition. Remembering what I have forgotten when I went to sleep at night. Early morning, I remember these are the tasks I need to do. And that is what is called bestowing the Vedas, production of the Vedas, etc. So what a marvellous thing! First, the previous Srishti. And Bhagawan said, now I have created my assistants and I have delegated the work of further creation to my assistants. And they took the raw material, both intelligent material and raw material, both are only Brahman. And that is the raw material. And out of that, that is the whole first, what is called animals, forests, villages, the fields for the growth, propagation of higher animals, higher life forms is created. Then we have to imagine further and it is also said in the future Shloka Mantras we will discuss. So all the grains, food material also comes from there. And then slowly the babies, that is all the human beings, etc. will come. The entire creation is meant as human ultimate evolutionary product, biologically ultimate evolutionary product called human being because it is only the human being who can consciously regulate his body-mind and slowly have self-knowledge. The entire thing is for the self-knowledge. But this doubt also. So God is creating, sacrificing the vegetables, vegetarian products, non-vegetarian products for the selfish purpose of human beings? No. For that, what the Vedas reply is that Jeeva only is first evolving like a one-celled creature and multi-celled creature. Then he evolves into insects, birds, then animals, then finally lower human beings, that is called Shudra, then Vaishya, then Kshatriya, then Brahmana, then ultimately he will have Atma Jnanam. So the word Shudra, Vaishya, Kshatriya should not be misunderstood as some stupid fellows understand in the modern times. It is according to the evolution of the intelligence about which I will talk in the future classes.