Taittiriya Upanishad Lecture 45 on 26 March 2025

Full Transcript(Not Corrected)

OM JANANIM SHARADAM DEVIM RAMAKRISHNAM JAGAD GURUM PADAPADMETAYO SRIDHVA PRANAMAMIMUHURUMUHUHUH OM SHANNOMITRASHYAM VARUNAH SHANNO BHAVATVARIYAMAH SHANNAYINDRO BRIHASPATHE SHANNO VISHNURU RUKRAMAHA NAMO BRAHMANE NAMASTE VAYO TVAMEVA PRATYAKSHAM BRAHMASE TVAMEVA PRATYAKSHAM BRAHMA VADISHYAMI RITAM VADISHYAMI SATYAM VADISHYAMI TANMAM AVATO TAD VAKTARAM AVATO AVATO MAM AVATO VAKTARAM OM SHANTI SHANTI SHANTI HARI OM OM May Mitra be blissful to us. May Varuna be blissful to us. May Ariyamma be blissful to us. May Indra and Brihaspati be blissful to us. May Vishnu of long strides be blissful to us. Salutations to Brahman. Salutations to you, O Vayu. You indeed are the visible Brahman. You alone I shall call the direct Brahman. I shall call you righteousness. I shall call you truth. May Brahman protect me. May Brahman protect the teacher. May Brahman protect me. May Brahman protect the teacher. Om. Peace. Peace. Peace be unto all. We have been studying the eleventh section of the first chapter of the Taittiriya Upanishad and this is called Sishya Anushasanam. The Guru is giving certain instructions to the disciple or student who is about to depart to his home after the completion of his studies. We call it also in the universities and other places, Convocation Address. Vedam Anuchya. Having taught the Vedas, Acharya Antevasinam Anushasti. The Acharya is giving the final instruction. Satyam Vada Dharmamchara Swadhyayan Ma Pramadaha Acharyaya Priyam Dhanam Ahurtya Prajatantum Ma Vyavaseth Sih Satyat Na Pramaditavyam Dharmat Na Pramaditavyam Kushalat Na Pramaditavyam Ghotiyai Na Pramaditavyam Swadhyaya Pravachanavyam Na Pramaditavyam Having taught the Vedas, the teacher thus instructs the pupil, speak the truth, practice dharma, do not neglect the study of the Vedas. Having brought to the teacher the gift desired by him, enter the householder's life and see that the line of progeny is not cut off. Do not swerve from the truth, do not swerve from dharma, do not neglect personal welfare, do not neglect prosperity, do not neglect the study and teaching of the Vedas. In our last class, we have been talking about Prajatantum Ma Vyavaseth Sih. So according to Shastra, that is Vedas, every person should always belong to one ashrama or the other ashrama and because of the power of nature, most of the people, students, they want to get married and they want to lead a life. Everybody is striving to lead only a happy life but then there are certain rules. Just like everyone wants to be a healthy person, there is nobody, no creature which wants to become ill or sick but we have to pay the price and that price is called dharma and those laws, those prescriptions, how we can lead a happy life, a healthy life that are being taught by the teacher because he himself followed them and we must presume he must be a very happy person, a very healthy person. Why? Because he has been following the instructions. Even Bhagavad Gita gives the instructions. If you remember, so everything must be regulated. That's very important for us to understand. So most people have desires. What are the desires? Most people are identified with the body and mind. Evolution takes place slowly. Even if we find somebody who wants to accept the fourth stage of life, sannyas ashrama, we should not take for granted he has fallen from the sky. He was also a householder. He also committed a lot of mistakes. He also learned lessons in life. How many lives? So as they say 82 lakhs of or 84 lakhs of janmas churasi lakh janam. So nobody falls from the sky. But if we can give some thought, how can I become a healthy person? Because you know physically if the body is happy that's called physical happiness and mentally if the mind should be happy that is called a healthy mind. Healthy mind is a happy mind. A happy mind is a healthy mind and if the mind is not happy there is something seriously wrong and that is where psychology tries to help us. I don't know how much psychologists can only tell follow these rules and regulations. So we have to understand all these things but the guru in brief is telling about all these things. So do not do anything wrong. That is why in the very beginning dharmam chara that is being expounded here. Get married, find out a bride and then from a good family and then try to lead as you have been taught and as you yourself with your power of observation and the power of reasoning understood to be the right way. Follow it. Many times if we just to keep our eyes a little bit open we can understand, observe other people, why they are suffering so much and why they are causing suffering to other people also. We can learn a lot of lessons. So the teacher is telling start your life. How? Prajatantum maavyavatsyatsy. So enter into the grhastha ashrama and then perform what is imposed upon you by the scriptures and what is imposed by the scriptures on the married people pancha maha yajnas. Start your life of values and incidentally you can also fulfill your own personal desires like kama and artha. Sri Ramakrishna summed the entire desires of humanity. So he said kama and kanchana that's all. So desire how to fulfill? Kama. But to fulfill one must obtain the objects of desire and to obtain those objects of desire one must pay for them and this word payment also means. I'm giving you an example to make this point clear. Supposing a person he buys first class food, very nice food, excellent food. So that food also must be purchased with righteously earned money. Then only it will yield happiness. Dharma means happiness. Adharma means unhappiness. But if it is bought with wrongly earned money etc. or by stealing etc. then it will not give the happiness. On the contrary it is sure guaranteed to give its opposite unhappiness. So even if a person has earned the money righteously but supposing the person is having stomach upset or headache or some other worry then he cannot enjoy it. Even if the person is healthy it must be eating. The enjoying should be done through a particular way and that is called samskaras and in Christianity it is called sacraments. So you want to eat then you offer first to God. He is not going to take some portion of it but offer it. Accept it as prasadam and then enjoy it doubly. The food itself will give you. As I said body must be healthy, mind must be healthy and then add devotion to it. Offer this food. So body is healthy that means you are very hungry. You are able to digest it. They are all taken for granted. So this is how artha means what? The instruments. It could be money but instruments also could mean right healthy body and right healthy mind and whatever money we earn the way we obtain objects should be through the dharmic means and all these are involved. Then after that kama comes. Kama means enjoyment. Enjoyment also. So I earned this righteously. I offered it to God and I will over eat. I will still fill my stomach up to the throat. No. If it is Shri Ramakrishna's words have deep meaning. A mother gives very watery soup to the child because not because she doesn't love but she knows this is the healthiest type of food for the baby. For the grown-ups she goes on adding so many spices. So much of meaning is there. So according to our present condition am I old or am I young? Am I suffering? Accordingly if everything external is in the right way but enjoyment also should be controlled, limited and for that common sense is needed. That's why Brahmanandji used to say that follow the body and the body will tell you when it had enough. It will tell you there would be no more hunger but we over eat because it is tasty. Eating is our decision but after that how the body deals with that is a different issue. So what is the topic we are discussing? Grihastha ashrama is dharma pradhana, observance of dharma. Dharma means a particular type of attitude. Whatever we do, how do I look upon myself, my family, the entire world? That is dharma drishti. Then I earn also money in a dharmic way and then I also have to spend. That is where these beautiful instructions are so very important, so commonsensical. Most of the people they are like what you call following nature, animals. What are the animals? So it is said ahara, nidra, bhaya, maithuna, eating, sleeping, then enjoying and fearing I may not get what I want, I may lose what I have, this fear. These four characteristics, kama, then you see ahara, food, nidra, sleep, bhaya, fear, maithuna. Maithuna means union actually, mainly say the union of male and female. But here we say through all the vices and organs. The tongue is united with tasty food, the eye is united with beautiful sight, the ear is united with beautiful sound. That is how we have to understand, that is called maithuna. And then this is how if we follow the scriptures, slowly we progress towards love, life in spiritual life. How do we progress? I am going to tell you shortly after this. And then if you are following all the instructions we have been giving, and we have been giving these instructions because we ourselves obtained them from our teachers and we have been following acharate, svayam acharate. The acharya is one who himself follows, then only he feels the authority, power. Now I have the authority. A practicing doctor, a surgeon who has never practiced surgery is not allowed to perform surgery on his patients usually. So one must practice them. Sriram Krishna is a beautiful example. There was a physician and one day from a distance, quite a distance away, a patient had come, a boy with his parents, with his father. And then the physician examined him and then said, you come tomorrow, I will tell you what to do. And then the father took away his shield and next morning he came and he said, see don't eat what you call jaggery, molasses. Then naturally the question comes, this much you should have, you could have easily told us yesterday which would have avoided us walking up and down so many miles. Why did you not tell? Then the shopkeeper, that physician, he explained, see yesterday I had a pot full of these molasses in my room and the patient recognized them and he was longingly looking at them. You see, even if we are sick, it doesn't mean we are free from desires. Only we know we are not able at this moment to enjoy them. So if I had told you, then you would have lost faith in me. Oh, this person enjoys these things himself, but he is forbidding them for me. But now yesterday I have removed all those things to another room, so I can tell you authoritatively and then you will have faith. That is swayam acharate. Then only he will teach to other people. That's why he is called acharya and then not only he practices, he also experienced that tremendous joy, a result. What is the result? A healthy life, both physically and mentally and also a life of joy, ananda. So naturally when you see a person, especially a person who doesn't have much, whereas you have so much and then you say, how come this person has so less and he is so much more happy than me? That should make us thoughtful, but we are thoughtless people. Why do I say so? Because what do we see? We see if I earn more money, then I am ready to be insulted, to be looked down, to be beaten even possible. Some of our students, they are going to USA. How many of them are being killed? How many of them are being looked down as dirty Indians like that? If you are reading newspapers, you will come to know about them and yet these people think that I am so happy because here I can earn more money. What is the use of your earning more money when you are not respected as a proper human being? But some governments have become anti. Anyway, I am very happy because all those, all that talent, these young people, they get educated at the cost of India and once they get the qualification, they migrate to other countries and they never think about India's welfare. Now and then they visit, they are earning lot of money and they enjoy things and then they go back happily accepting this one. They are so ungrateful. That's why Swamiji observed this. It is not my observation. This was Swamiji's observation. Every Indian who gets educated at the cost of India and doesn't return it back even in the smallest measure, I call him a traitor. What a strong word and this is what most of the Indians are traitors to India. Unfortunately, even our devotees fall into the same category. Very little they will do to India. Then naturally, oh India is corrupt. Why should we do any good to the Indians are not grateful. No, don't expect any gratitude. It is one of the pancha maha egnas, nre rana, pitra rana, rishi rana, etc. So, you are simply discharging your debt. If somebody had borrowed money and then he looks at the person from whom he borrowed, oh he has got millions. If I don't give this small amount, that's not going to impact him in the least. That is completely wrong. No, if you have borrowed promising that you will return, fulfill your promise. That's all. Don't worry whether he has or he doesn't have. He is responsible for his health, for his happiness. You are responsible for your life. If you do anything wrong, then you suffer. Whether others suffer or not, that is a totally different question. We should never even raise, but we should raise. Why am I suffering? What is spiritual life? A life to avoid every dukkha. According to Buddha, tanha, trishna is the root cause of all the problems. What is the remedy? Get rid of the tanha. How to get rid of the tanha? Perform the pancha maha yajnas. What is the best ashrama? Grihastha ashrama. Therefore, you will have to say all these things. Grihastha ashrama is dharma prathana, artha kama prathana or pancha yajna prathana. That's why it is wonderful. Not only that, all of us are born to our parents. They took us so much of trouble. And as I said, we also have to, if we have to get married and lead a householder's life, we must strive our level best to lead an ideal householder's life. And what is that ideal householder's life? So we have to, it is our obligation to bring up our children as our parents and grandparents brought their children up. They tried their level best. Have you come across any parent who says that I want to be happy, but you children, that whether you go to dogs, you are unhappy, you are unhealthy, I don't care for you. Did you ever hear any parent say this? Every parent wholeheartedly wishes their children must be very healthy and very happy. And to be healthy, certain strict rules have to be observed. And to be happy also, strict rules have to be observed. Why? Because ananda, health starts with a thought. What is the thought? If I want to be healthy, then I will have to restrict these things which are not suitable for me. And if we want to be happy, all those things, thoughts which promote unhappiness have to be removed. And this is the only way. Whether you do it in this life or after another 80 lakhs of lives, that is a different issue. But this is the rule. If you want to be healthy, you have to follow this type of life. If you want to be happy, you have to follow this type of life. So what is spiritual life? Our ambition is to become the happiest persons on earth and to be very happy persons. Two conditions are necessary. First condition is to become sattva. Sattva means holy, sattva means pure, sattva means good, sattva means truthful. Above all, I would put it this way, sattva means healthy. So start healthy. Health. I want to be healthy. Strive to become healthy. How to be healthy? Then the next I have to chit. Chit means wisdom. And we all know what is wisdom. That which makes us healthy and happy and also contribute to the other people's health and happiness, that is called chit. And that means thoughts must be controlled. And all these are implied in this instruction by the Acharya to the Antaivasi. Therefore, marriage is a big responsibility. It is not that a man loves a woman and then he wants to enjoy. They want to enjoy each other. That is a very common idea. No. We want to travel to God, Vishnu. That's why there is a process called saptapadi. I go around a lit fire. That fire is invoked as the very presence of Mahavishnu. Mahavishnu only is manifesting in the form of that fire. And seven vows are taken. We are like pilgrims, O Lord. We want to come to you. And we are weak people. So we have got certain weaknesses. So we want to fulfill our weaknesses. And we want to become strong in course of time and help us. We want to bring up certain children. That is also our desire. All right. Have children. But bring them up in the right way. Righteous way. So like that, the parent's responsibility is heavy. And then every married person, which is grihasthashram, is a better word for that, is an obligation to support the students even today. And then they have to support people who are indigenous or who are poor, who are helpless. So they also have to make their parents happy. Any householder who neglects the health and happiness of his or her parents at the cost of one's own happiness, they are bound to be reborn in this world again and again. So this long speech today I have given is all because all these are implied in the acceptance of the grihasthashram. But having gone through this experience in the right way for many, many janmas, the person awakens. And then he decides, I had gone through all this. How do I know? He will feel, I don't need these things. Not that I don't want them. No, I don't need them. I don't feel any need for them. That means I'm quite happy with what I'm doing. For such a person, either he can remain a lifelong brahmachari or he can take to the vanaprasthashrama or he can become a sannyasi. But the student's life, the retired life and then the sannyasin's life all depend upon this grihasthashrama. So Vedas are meant to aid, to help each one of us to move from wherever we are to the next step. And that is why there is another point also which I have mentioned earlier also. What is it? So there are in Puranas, etc., there is even in our Vedas also, in certain egnas, while performing those egnas, one can sacrifice an animal. And what do they do after sacrificing? They will have to eat up that animal. That is called Medha. Ashwamedha, Gomedha, Naramedha, etc. But then the question comes, why are these Vedas imposing upon people to sacrifice animals? And if because of our weakness, this kind of loophole, we will catch hold of them and do it every day. Naramedha, Ashwamedha, Gomedha. Do we really do Naramedha? Nara means human being. Do we sacrifice? Be wise. Open your eyes. Look everywhere. What is every company doing? Pay as little as possible. Squeeze as much as possible. And some of these big companies are so powerful, so they hire people from cheap labor countries like Bangladesh, India, and Pakistan, etc., etc. And there will be what is called powerful people. And you get this work done. And in what conditions the work has been gotten down, it is everybody's knowledge only. So this is also called Naramedha for our pleasure. Because if we want these products, we don't see who is making, how they are making, under what conditions they are making. But we are happy. We are paying money. So people are used to slavery. Earlier days, it used to be slavery. In India, till recent times, slavery was prevalent. They never called it slavery. That is called a particular rich family. Landlords, they own certain families of the laborers and they employ servants also for everything. Even today, it is there. So these people are doing not willingly, not happily, because they have to survive. But at the same time, are we looking after them as we are supposed to look after them? No, that's not happening yet. So this is what should be done. Interestingly, Ramakrishna says, live like a maid servant in a big man's house. And then he says, the maid servant knows that this doesn't belong to me. Now, you have to think about this statement. Why is he always reminded, I have a home, I don't belong to this house. If that household really loves this maid servant and you are helping us, you are part of our family, we will treat you as part of us, as a family member. We look after you, even if you fall sick or incapable of working any longer, we will treat you. You know, in the West, I should not mention it actually, they have huge, what is called, farms for producing beef, milk, etc. The moment beef, of course, you know, when these animals, whether it is cows, or every imaginable animal is brought out in so many countries, whether it is goats, or pigs, or rabbits, or for the coat, minks, etc. Every imaginable animal factories are there, mass production. Now, so many of these farms, as soon as a cow stops yielding milk, what do they do? Most of the time, they are sent to the butcher's shop. Only exceptionally, a few people are there, you have served our family very well, you have earned your pension for the old age, and some of the farmers, they keep some acres of land, and they grow grass, etc., alfalfa, etc., and whether they are horses, or they are cows, etc., you go and enjoy your old age, but you can count on such persons, because they are very few. Most of them, so long as you are profitable to me, I am going to keep you alive, and otherwise, the moment you stop giving us anything, you are a burden for sending to the butcher's shop. That is why, in India, so many associations come. Go Raksha, that is, when the cows, etc., become old, they have to be treated well, and it applies to horses, it applies to donkeys, it applies to, even we do it automatically to our dogs, etc. Why are we talking about this? All these are employed when a person becomes a householder, not only he has to practice it, he also has a duty to instruct these things. First, let him practice, and then let him teach to the children, and there is a very likelihood that the children, they learn from their parents. Most of the time, how much influence our parents exert upon us is really incalculable, and then when the children are at a tender age, whatever the teachings, that goes very much. Shri Ramakrishna used to tell, why do I love these young youth? Because their minds have not become impure by thinking of money, and then sex, etc. They are still unspoiled, and among them also, there are some people who are still very innocent, very pure, etc. Ramakrishna will only gather such people, and he explained once, I am not asking, I am not hoping, I am not expecting that every one of them will become a sanyasi, a monk. No, most of them will not become monks, but let them be good householders, and Shri Ramakrishna himself, how he lived an ideal life, an ideal husband, how he should treat the wife, an ideal guru, an ideal disciple, an ideal friend, an ideal for everything. That is why he did not ask Holy Mother, I am a monk, so you should live. No, on the contrary, this is a Rishi's ideal. Ramakrishna had re-established the ideal of a Rishi. The purpose of marriage is also God-realization, but gradually transforming our animal life into human life, and then into spiritual life. This is the purpose. So, in order to lead a religious life, then not only we have to practice, we also have to teach the same thing. Therefore, the Guru is Anushasti, is almost a command, marry and maintain a lineage. Once the disciple gets married, becomes a householder, he must never forget the values he has learned so far. When, before leaving the Gurukula, the teacher had been instructing. That is what is called Convocation Address. So, the Guru is reminding them, after finishing education, after returning from Gurukulam, first of all, become economically independent, learn a trade and get a comfortable income, and then the next duty in life is to marry and maintain a line of the ancestors or the Rishis. This is called the ideal Rishi's life. And then we know Satyatna Pramaditaviyam. Once we have a student enters into the Grastha Ashrama, let him never forget. It applies to all of us. And therefore, the Acharya reminds, Satyatna Pramaditaviyam. Never neglect your commitment to this particular value. It is called Satyam. And this word Satyam has got two meanings. First meaning is following the teachings of the Dharmashastra. That is why there is a rule. So, Atha Ato Dharma Jignasa. So, one should learn what the Dharmashastra is telling. What does it tell? How we can live a Dharmic life? That is what the Dharmashastra wants to tell us. And all these Satyam Vada, Dharmamchara, Swadhyaya Anma Pramadaha, etc. etc. These are the values inculcated by the Vedas so that the students can make their life what? Healthy and a happy life. So, the first meaning is the duties imposed by the scriptures. As a householder, you have to perform all these things. Not only speaking truth, but thinking truth and also performing all the Dharmakarmas one is supposed to do. This is the subject matter of Karma Kanda. But then the second meaning of Satyam, we are going to see in the second chapter of this very Taittiriya Upanishad. Satyam Gnanam Anantam Brahma. Here Bhagavan Brahma is defined as Satyam Gnanam Anantam. So, that is what we have to understand. And what does Shankara say? Beautiful commentary he says. What does it mean? Shankara's commentary. If one neglects Satyam, what does it mean? If I am not travelling towards the East, what does it mean? It means I am travelling in the opposite direction. Satyach Pramadhanam. Pramadhanam means straying away from there. Pritha means truth. Anrutha means untruth. So, that means if I am not following the truth, I am following untruth. Even by forgetfulness, one should never tell a lie and untruth. How is it possible? If I have forgotten, can you blame me? No. You have forgotten because you wanted to forget. The blame squarely rests on us. That's why one Sairam Krishna is narrating. Once I promised to visit the house of I think Shambhu Malik or Mani Malik. I do not remember. Most likely Shambhu Malik and then I forgot and then he went to sleep. At midnight suddenly he jumped up. I promised I would visit and immediately he took Krithi or somebody and then visited there. By that time probably they were expecting. They did not keep the door open and then Sairam Krishna he put his foot inside the gate and said three times I have come, I have come, I have come and then funny thing also was telling. So, once he went for a party and there was luchi and then curry was there and by mistake he said that I will not eat luchi today and then he became very hungry. But he said I told I will not eat luchi so he had to be hungry. He has to satisfy himself the little bit of curry or other things and come back home. Shankara is telling even by mistake it should not come because it's called slip of the tongue. There is nothing called slip of the tongue because we have been unconsciously saying I don't want to do this but consciously we have promised something. Promptly we have forgotten. That is consciously we have forgotten but sometimes later we might because if we whatever we want to remember we will never forget. Nobody will forget today I have to catch the plane at five o'clock so I have to get up at two o'clock. Show me one person who forgets and sleeps that one. So, that is what is called satyatma pramaditaviyam and then he says dharmatma pramaditaviyam. Do not neglect the way of life. Dharma is a way of life and when we say dharma this word dharma is used as a substitute for religion. So, Hindu dharma, buddha dharma, krishna dharma etc. What does this dharma mean? A way of life, religious way of living. That is what thomas a campus he says imitation of christ that is a true how a true christian should live not only the monks nuns but even they every christian who claims i am a christian do not stray from dharma that is do not ignore dharma and that is what he says dharma who says shankaracharya dharma the meaning of the word dharma anushtaya vishayatva there are certain things he must put into practice that is not performing what we are supposed to perform that is called pramada that is called neglect negligence so a person should never do that dharma must be followed if suppose a diabetic person goes on eating sweets in spite of the doctor's warning who is going to suffer because karma phala means there's nothing but whatever we do dharma dharma so the result follows just like the wheels follow the footsteps of the what is this way of life just now we discussed dharma means religious way of life what is this religious way of life wake up before sunrise then spend some time in prayer etc and then in our vedic scripture something unique is given what is it our scriptures vedas teach us that god himself comes to us to give darshana early in the morning how does he come he gives and he comes in the form of a sun sunrise whom are we seeing remember that i may follow it up satya and dharma i may worship you that is hiranyagarbha and sun is called hiranyagarbha that is so you are coming in the form of this sun many times i told you what is god or in sanskrit devata without whom it is impossible to live such a devata or is called god so for example without food we cannot live that is why it is without water we cannot live therefore it is called etc without heat we cannot live that is why it is called we cannot live without oxygen and that is called devata namaste vayu just now we have chanted so without vayu devata nobody can survive of course without akasha devata we cannot move no action could be performed that is why these are the manifestations of brahman god whom we call god so they're only god only comes in these forms we have to understand that so get up in the morning face after washing etc particularly if you go to a river and then seeing the morning sun you have to pray give me that wisdom to understand you are the therefore one should get up to greet the god otherwise he will be passing away then you are not able to see without the sun life is impossible the whole earth will vanish many planets will vanish if the sun god is not there then before taking food pray to god then we are supposed to put vibhuti on our foreheads what does it mean vibhuti means that which reminds us of god since i cannot see my own forehead i want to say that i want to be reminded of god if there are three lines crossed across like this shiva bhaktas do that that is to say shiva is one who is beyond the jagrath swapna sushupti when i see that person and it is supposed to be made out of the ashes of the funeral pyre so when i see the marks on your forehead i am reminded first of all i am liable to death subject to death when you see you are also reminded because these are the ashes and then what remains do not despair shiva alone will be there so all these things are very meaningful things we are supposed to learn and then where are we supposed to learn from our parents that is very important all these are involved dharma and then we have to live a dharmic life but dharmic life starts with a life that we are leading earlier otherwise if we are not developed certain type of uh with the with the aid of certain disciplines if we have not purified and obtained a healthy body and a healthy mind we will never be able to lead a proper life but we are not supposed to lead an animal life and that is why kushala means this is what shankaracharya says what is kushala so i want to protect myself and never neglect protecting yourself don't allow others to take advantage whether it is friends friends are the greatest enemies when they come to waste our time most of the friendships are only time passing and that is the greatest what is called negligence of dharmic life these are marvelous thoughts we will talk about them in our next class may the ramakrishna holy mother and swami vikaranda bless us all with bhakti jai ramakrishna