Patanjali Yoga Sutras Lecture 087

Full Transcript(Not Corrected)

Yoge na chittasya pade na vacham Malam sharirasya cha vaidya kena Yo paakarottam pravaram muninam Patanjalim praanjali rana tosme Patanjali is telling us how a spiritual aspirant is going to progress from a lower state to a higher state This is the main reason why he is enumerating all these changes We all experience changes, that is nothing new But do we evolve? Yes, we all evolve albeit slowly Can we hasten this process? Definitely we can do that And that is what is called spiritual practice So many classes we have been discussing the changes that take place It is for this reason So that we are aware first that changes are taking place And that also leads to what is called Vairagya From the Vedantic point of view Recognition that everything changes excepting one Is itself a great spiritual progress In fact, according to the teachings of Buddha It is the emphasis on this changefulness Which is the very foundation of Buddhism Everything changes You are happy, yes that will change You are unhappy, that will change You are young, that will change You are old, that also will change But I don't mean from old age you become young person In a way yes, in the next life Once we are aware of changefulness The change that takes place in our mind Is that nothing can be relied upon We cannot depend upon anything If we really understand everything is changing And there is only one thing which never changes And that is call it God, call it Brahman Whatever name you want to do Now what is the point of it Or somebody comes and declares to you I love you very much Naturally we all feel very happy At least somebody is loving us How long are you going to love me? Or first you say how much do you love me? This bit, how long are you going to love me? Maybe for one minute maximum I can promise you one minute When you come across this kind of declaration What would be your reaction to that person? What is our problem now? Our problem is we think Many many problems are there One problem is we think everybody loves us What is the fact? Nobody loves And this is what the scriptures are telling Nobody loves anybody Excepting themselves So that's why according to Vedanta The very foundation of Vedanta is That there are only two things Every one of us love How many? Two things What is it? First we love happiness We want to be happy Sukham Then the second thing we love is Sukha sadhana An instrument which gives us happiness You want to eat Rasagulla Imagine Rasagulla is asking Do you love me? Definitely I love you And so what do you do? Destroy it If you love a Rasagulla What is the next thing you do? But there is also a great Vedantic truth there You do not want separation Reality You want absolute oneness You want to become one That's a wonderful concept I am not going to enter into that What we are trying to discuss here The first condition for spiritual progress Is the awareness that everything is changing Sarvam Dukhamayam Everything is a source of unhappiness Why? Because it is changing That's why I gave that simple example If your husband promises you That I love you forever and forever Or you think like that But in fact he says I will love you only for my sake I love my own happiness And I love you hoping Expecting that you give me happiness The moment you stop giving happiness He will look for some other object Some other object But an intelligent person comes to a conclusion That every object in this world is changing Is there anything that is not changing? Yes, there is one object which is not changing Call it God Call it Brahman Call it Divine Mother Call it one's own self This is the stark truth And the Upanishads expound this idea all the time That's why I said I am Krishna's third commandment And then go into solitude This is a very diluted, pale English translation The word he used in Bengali is so profound So meaningful Nirjanasthan Nirjana Jana means people Nirjana means where there are no people What does that mean? You take a smart phone And go to a place where no one is there In fact, something very interesting You should be aware Nowadays, people want loneliness They don't want anybody to disturb their mobile phone Etc So going to a solitary place Where there is nobody With a mobile phone What are you carrying? The whole world we are carrying Suppose there is no mobile phone What do you carry? What do you carry? The whole universe Because it's our Wherever we go Our mind is there But what does Ramakrishna mean? Nirjanasthan means Do not depend upon anybody, anything That's exactly what it means Nirjanasthan means Feel that you are alone in this world And really nobody can help you In fact, even now they can't help you Suppose you cannot fall asleep Can your husband sleep for you? Can he eat for you? Can he digest for you? Can he worry for you? See, there is a limit How much other people can help Perhaps they can cook for you They can make things for you But we have to enjoy We have to suffer We have to do everything That's what Sri Ramakrishna really means We have been discussing about these changes In brief, what we had discussed And we will summarize again At the end of this class Is that There are three types of changes take place The summarization is At any given time According to Patanjali Our mind would be in one of the five states What are they? Moodha, Kshiptha, Vikshiptha, Ekagra and Nirodha What it means really Very dull state of mind To a highly concentrated mind Focused mind These are divided into five stages What is the purpose? To recognize for what your mind is And slowly take it from that state To a higher state How this change takes place? In three stages This evolution of the scatteredness of our mind From the moodha Moodha means very dull state To the highest state It takes place in three stages What are those three stages? Nirodha Parinama Samadhi Parinama Ekagra Parinama And that's what we are going to discuss Aphorism number six Please remember We are studying The third chapter of the Patanjali Yoga Sutras Called Vibhuti Yoga Vibhuti means powers Patanjali promises That if we practice yoga We get lots of powers too But that's not the purpose Of this practice The purpose is To become a Siddha Siddha means perfect Not having powers If we have powers Then do we become Siddha or Asiddha? Or Prasiddha? You may become Prasiddha You may become Asiddha But never you become a Siddha What is to be a Siddha? To be perfect What is perfection? That I am absolutely happy I am absolutely free From any desire That is called Siddha Aphorism number nine At a very high state When we have practiced all those Yama, Niyama, Asana Pranayama, Pratyahara Dharana, Dhyana And we have come to the Eighth step Almost the ultimate step But I said Not ultimate, it is penultimate One step below Last class I think I mentioned Actually though it is called Astanga Yoga, Navanga Yoga Why? Samadhi is divided into Lower Samadhi and Higher Samadhi Lower Samadhi is called Sampragnatha Samadhi And Higher Samadhi is called Asampragnatha Samadhi When a Yogi A spiritual practitioner Reaches this state And how does he reach that state? That is what is being described In our normal day to day life What happens is We give in to our vrittis Any type of thought that comes We conquer We say ok, not conquer Conquer That means we say yes That is called conquering Accepting and say yes You get up, yes I get up You sit down, you sit down Whatever the mind says, obey it This is our condition, present condition We want to become Yogis What is Yoga? Chitta, vritti, nirodha That means whatever you say I will say no I will dictate to you What I want you to think to do You will not dictate Yes all these janmas You have dictated But now I am not going to do Except So the ninth aphorism starts with that At the higher level What is that change That takes place In the mind of a Yogi And this is what Patanjali is telling What is this change that takes place? Nirodha samskaras Stay in the mind Nirodha vrittis Stay in the mind What is Nirodha? I am explaining because this is a very Involved, long Sanskrit sentence And you know Aphorism Need not have any subject Involved Inside there is a subject It is not a complete sentence Just like you know Nirodha Yoga, control of the mind Who is the subject? And how is he going to do it? When is he going to do it? Where is he going to do it? Nothing is there Just simply this much These are called aphorisms Sutra Why this came, very interesting Sutra literature, a class of literature Dharma Sutra, Yoga Sutra, Brahma Sutra Mimamsa Sutra Sutras are there There used to be a teacher Who was a great soul And he will have disciples And in those days there were no Writing materials So he would explain the whole thing And give small A few words As a mnemonics You know what is mnemonic? The way how to memorize Sutra literature came into existence A guru explains to his disciples Very thoroughly But one seem to remember A sutra means a thread Like a password It will be always there So the moment you remember that password You remember the whole thing will come up It is kept underground This is how a sutra literature A special type of literature In every field has come up So that the learning can be Not compressed But it is kept in the background But giving just outlines Outlining we call it In English literature Outlining method has been there This sutra is an involved sutra What it means is simply it is this An undesirable thought Undesirable for whom? Not for everybody I want to think of a woman Is it undesirable? It is undesirable for whom? I want to think of money It is undesirable for whom? For a person who wants money It is very desirable But for a person who doesn't want Who wants to get rid of that It is very undesirable As soon as an undesirable thought arises Then the opposite thought Had to be brought in Now this is a dangerous thought It is an undesirable thought Let me not think about it The first thought is a thought Which needs to be gotten rid of The second thought Is like a thorn Which removes the first thorn That's what is said Vyatthana means arising of Undesirable vrittis Thoughts Then nirodha Nirodha means the thought Which is opposite to it Which we want to cultivate In order to get rid of that thought Mind you always Ramakrishna's words are so deep If a thorn enters into your flesh What do you do? Take up another thorn Remove the first thorn And then throw away the second one Don't cherish Oh I am so grateful to you You have helped me so much So I will enthrone you In the place of the first thorn Now you will have to throw that away Because that becomes even worse thorn Than before As soon as we have developed that Capacity to resist Undesirable thought Then a desirable thought comes When a desirable thought comes What is desirable thought? A desirable thought is one Which helps us to get rid of The undesirable thought After that It itself turns into An undesirable thought We have to always remember However wonderful it is Ungodly thoughts Should be removed With the help of godly thoughts And later on Even the godly thoughts Have to be Gotten rid of Why? Because they are thoughts And every thought however it is Whatever thought it is It is a thorn It is not a thorn for us It is a thorn for those who want to become one with God Anything that separates us From God Is an undesirable thought That is what Patanjali is trying to tell us The moment one Undesirable thought comes Vyutthana means arising Nirodha that which Controls, suppresses Tries to remove that Undesirable thought Then both produces samskara So for many many lives Oh it is wonderful To enjoy, to get married To enjoy money What Sri Ramakrishna calls Kanchana It is wonderful to have a very big house Very comfortable house, nice car Friends, power, position Etc etc This we have been cherishing And they pose no problem at all For us because that is what we wanted But now They are posing the biggest problem I want to think of God Something else comes So what happens This so called undesirable thoughts Produced a tremendous Samskara, what is samskara A deep rooted Thorn, very deep Rooted thorn, now you realize We have developed it We have to remove it, what is the remedy Now you develop the Another deep rooted samskara Of the opposite type In other words spiritual thought A worldly thought versus a Spiritual thought Now what happens, this Competition, this wants to rise Then deliberately With mindfulness With persistence With prayer, you develop Slowly develop, then a time Will come, first the positive Thoughts, godly thoughts get Defeated, this is what is called Deva Asura Yuddha, everywhere you get Deva Asura Yuddha The battle between gods and Demons, undesirable Worldly secular thoughts Or the Devas Those thoughts which are spiritual Simply, this is the fight That is going on, wonderful Subject to discuss Bhagavatam is a beautiful Story of the Samudra Manthana You know, Samudra Manthana Churning of the milk ocean Lot of things came, I will not go Into that story at this stage, what is Meant is, constantly this fight Is going on, within each One of us, but when we have Not turned to spirituality Still the battle is going on But that battle is not Between Devas and Asuras The battle is between What is called lower Ambitions and higher Ambitions, very interesting Lower ambitions and higher Ambitions, what is lower ambitions You know, I am getting so much salary I am quite happy, you stupid Fellow, have you seen The neighbour has extended his house What are you doing, somebody Is there to remind you, and the other Fellow has got better car than you He has got two cars Battle is going on But, as soon as a person Becomes slightly spiritual Then the real battle starts At the beginning, the Samskara The deep rooted habits Of spiritual thoughts Is very weak, that's why Go on doing, how many Times, how many lives In the Bhagavad Gita There is this beautiful, Sri Krishna's Answer is there Bahunam janmanam ante Gnanavan mam prapadyate Vasudeva sarvamite Samahatma sudurlabha Bahunam janmanam ante Bahunam janmanam ante After many many many Lives, how many lives, somebody Asked, how many lives One of our direct disciples I think Answered, maybe one million lives What? I have come to spiritual life, already I am Struggling so much, how much The moment you think in that way But what, million lives I thought two three lives is ok But a million lives The point is not how many lives The point is, whether you are Impatient, you are patient, you want it Or you are impatient If you are not patient, what do you think you will become Patient You remember Ram Krishna's story Two yogis were sitting But what is the deep meaning of that It is not how many lives it takes A yogi says Even if it takes infinite time I am going to do it That attitude of the mind This is the most desirable thing I have no choice, whether I get it This life, next life or after billion lives I have no choice I will go on So this is a beautiful story I can't refrain myself telling it How, what or what type of Mental attitude A spiritual aspirant should have There were two small birds Small, patridges Or whatever you call it, sparrows You can say sparrows And they laid one egg On the banks of an ocean So unfortunately one day The tide came And then the When the parents were absent And then the egg was taken When the parents returned back Then they realized Their beloved child, only child Is swept away They wanted to rescue So what were they doing Forgetting, eating and sleeping They were going, dipping themselves In the waters Come out to the shore And flutter the wings And then the water go away again Day after day They were determined If we don't get our child We are going to die But we are not going to stop You can just imagine What a beautiful story Two small birds want to dry up the ocean With their puny efforts So one day the king of the birds Who is Garutman He happened to pass by And he saw these two birds He was astonished So he came and asked He was narrated this is what happened And Garutman felt so proud My people This ocean has taken away So you know He is the Vahana of Lord Vishnu With one sweep The whole water was pushed out And his parents happily went And found out the egg This is the story What is the moral behind this story This is called Bhagiratha Prayatna We call it Bhagiratha Why rather than Stop bringing Ganga From the Mount Himalayas To the Netherlands Because his ancestors Were Turned into ashes This is called Bhagiratha Prayatna That's why Ganges is called Bhagirathi The point of the story is If a person Persists in self effort Without giving up hope Ready to Renounce, to give up the life Then who is the Garutman God's grace Will come Garutman did not simply happen to pass Accidentally, don't have that idea Supposing he took another route And he did not pass that way No, he would have to come there Because their prayers And their efforts had borne Fruit, this is the Karmaphala So we have to think We are going To dry up the ocean Only when a sadhaka has That kind of attitude Then he will succeed So we have to build up That opposite thought Spiritual thought How long? Until The balance is tipped over The spiritual samskaras Are able to completely suppress That is what is being Explained in this Ninth aphorism Sadhana nirodha samskaras Undesirable thoughts Are arising and desirable Means spiritual thoughts Try to get up And suppress them When the spiritual thoughts become deep rooted And are able to tip over He says you fellow I am going to suppress with my hand That is called Nirodhakshana Abhibhava pradurbhava Nirodhakshana chitta Anvayo The mind is capable Of suppressing The undesirable thought So long as it is able To suppress that undesirable thought That time period Is called Nirodhakshana The time where the undesirable thought Does not come at all That is called Nirodha parinamaha The change that takes place Parinama means change Rama means the Bigger thorns The desirable thoughts Become so strong They are able to easily suppress And put away The undesirable thoughts And so long as we can do it That is called Nirodhakshana Kshana means time period How long? So long as this Nirodha works How wonderfully Patanjali is giving us a hint Simply sitting and What type of japa you are doing Rama, Rama, Krishna, Krishna you are going and doing But are you also getting up Developing the Nirodha samskara That is what is most important What happened next Aphorism Tasya prashantavahita Samskarat Samskarat means by repeated practice A samskara To understand samskara A tendency What is a tendency? To repeat an action Consciously or unconsciously That is called samskara Supposing you are walking And some slippery pathway is there And your foot Tries to slip You know what do you do You put up your hand automatically So that Even if you happen to fall That fall is stemmed And the impact is lessened Samskara You can extend these examples You are driving a car Suddenly something darts in front of your car What do you do automatically Your foot Goes and then puts it How did it come? You must have developed it For a long time If you did not develop it what happens I will be very careful And nothing is going to happen It is a foolish attitude Why? Because you see You may be ok But that does not guarantee That the person is ok It could be a dog, it could be a child How many people lose? These are called accidents It could be our fault But it need not be our fault It could be the other person's fault Whatever it is What we are trying to do This samskara I am trying to illustrate what is a samskara Instinctively Even unthinkingly Mechanically We develop the tendency Which we recognize This is not a desirable thought Instantaneously I will illustrate it, what happens It happens to every spiritual aspirant In your waking state You don't think anything undesirable But the deep rooted Samskaras are there I am narrating one of my dreams I don't remember 100% About 50% I remember Some undesirable thought had come So immediately A thought of my mind arises No, Sriram Krishna would have behaved like this In this instance After waking up I recollect, oh, not bad Even in dream Yes, I could do that But how did it come? Do you think that you just read the gospel of Sriram Krishna And go to sleep And then it will come? No, it will not come Waking state, whatever we do That becomes a samskara Please remember The dream state itself doesn't produce any samskara Dream itself The result of waking state Samskara So whatever we do in the waking state That will come up Another example is Do you really dream of gods and goddesses Do you Dream of Sriram Krishna Holy Mother Swami Vivekananda, direct disciples Your Gurudeva And if you don't Then try to remember It is far better to at least see a sadhu A temple Or a holy place These are very good things to do it And if we are not getting the dreams What does that mean? That means the samskara is not developed We know that it is a dream But it doesn't matter Even in dream, if we have these good things What does it mean? It means two things It means during waking state We are practicing And it means also Slowly our subconscious mind Undergoing a change For the better That's what it means The 10th verse says Tasya, means of that state of the mind Earlier what we said The nirodha samskara comes Suppresses the undesirable samskara And dominates it And stays for some time And that samskara Which dominates, which suppresses Must be enforced And strengthened Through further practice Until what happens Prashanta vahita It flows That nirodha samskara stays Longer and longer And longer and longer That means the undesirable thoughts Will have no place Because it has become a habit Again I am bringing back the example Ramakrishna had a vision He saw a paramahamsa resembling Exactly like him with a trident And then he says If your mind strays from the lotus feet Of the divine mother I am going to pierce you with that I discussed with him Who is that paramahamsa? His own mind, his own nirodha samskara You get it? Nirodha samskara has taken Place a sanyasi Swami Vivekananda, when he was younger He used to go to bed What were the visions he was having? That first of all, he was a very Prosperous, powerful Worldly person And next moment, a clean shaved A monk And with that idea, he used to go to sleep What was the first vision? What samskara? Worldly samskara What is the second samskara? I don't want that I want this And that's what he became In fact, every successful person is one Whose samskara has shaped itself Into the idea of success His psychology is so interesting Because they fall in line With what we are trying to reach Here, you have to understand One important principle We are not talking about the goals We are talking about the means So the means is mind So whether A powerful mind will be a powerful mind Whether he is a businessman Or a scientist Or a teacher or a farmer This is the simple truth Two mosquitoes also One is a successful mosquito Another is a failure mosquito This happens because Of the samskaras Even there also, there are differences One samskara Becomes very very powerful And that has to continue That has to continue And that's what he has been telling Tasya means Of that mind in that state of nirodha Where it is able to suppress The undesirable thought Samskarat, by repeatedly Practicing it Prashanta vahita Vahita means flowing Prashanta means steadily flowing That means the mind The nirodha samskaras In that mind Flow steadfastly Without any interruption And how do they do that? Samskarat, through repeated Practice Abhyasa vairagyabhyam Tan nirodaha Where do you get it? Bhagavad Gita Sixth chapter gets it The eleventh is The second parinama Until now we talked about Nirodha parinama Nirodha, one powerful Desirable samskara Suppresses the undesirable Samskara And becomes dominant and continues This is the first change That takes place in a yogi's mind What is the second change? Sarvarthata Ekagratayo Kshaya udayo Chittasya samadhi parinamaha Again same idea What is the nature of the mind? Grasping sarvarthata Means except the mind, a scattered mind What is the mind? What is your name? How is your uncle? This mosquito is what? This is what our mind is going all the time Even without our knowledge This is called sarvarthata Means grasping Everything That means many thoughts Uncontrollable thoughts Many thoughts Initial nature of our mind Kshipta Then what happens? Ekagratayo Slowly the mind Becomes more focused Dharana It becomes dharana Then it becomes dhyana Then it becomes samadhi Less focused, more focused Much more focused That is called samadhi parinama What is samadhi parinama? By practicing nirodha samskara The capacity of the mind To think of so many things Which was its habit Previously Now slowly it becomes Ekagra Sri Ramakrishna's mind was always like that Swami Vivekananda's mind Was always like that I will narrate an incident Whatever Swami Vivekananda does His full mind is occupied in it When he sings, his mind is Fully merged Immersed in it When he reads a book, it is fully immersed When he listens something, he is fully immersed When he meditates, of course You need not even tell One incident happened Swami Vivekananda was staying here in England One German philosopher, Paul Deussen So what happened? Swami visited Paul Deussen's house At his invitation And what happened? They were having a talk All philosophical talks He was a great oriental scholar He had many books on Indian philosophy Paul Deussen and Max Muller These are the two important scholars So what happened is Paul Deussen, after having a talk He went inside Probably to do something In the kitchen or toilet or whatever it is After sometime he came Meanwhile, all this time Swami was talking Now that the host was not there Swami Vivekananda went And this man had an extensive collection Of books, naturally So Swamiji was browsing And he caught hold of One particular book and he was reading it Meanwhile, Paul Deussen came And he wanted to continue The conversation and he called Swamiji Few times he called No response at all He got offended because this is terrible What is called uncivility He is the host And Swamiji was the guest And this man was not replying To what the host was asking And he was senior also to Swamiji Swamiji was a young man at that time And such a great scholar He got offended but he could not do anything After sometime Swamiji's concentration Broke and then he told Oh, you were asking something He said yes, I am asking something And why did you not reply It was annoying and then Swamiji replied When I do anything like this I am completely absorbed I am oblivious of time, space, everything So I did not hear I did not notice when you came What you were asking I am absorbed Paul Deussen was not convinced So is your mind really so much focused Yes, how do you know He said here is a book I am reading This much I read Now you know how fast Swamiji can read Chapters, at one glance, one one chapter And then Paul Deussen could not believe Because he had never come across a man Who could be so absorbed What is the difference between being a great scholar And a great Yogi He asked Swamiji And then he found out how do we know Maybe Swamiji had read this book previously He remembered This is a book which was published for the first time Just few days back And Paul Deussen happened to get it And he asked questions Swamiji not only gave the answer But quoted verbatim What was written there And this happened also in Meerut With Encyclopedia of Britannica Then Paul Deussen Had nothing to say because He had never come across in his life a person Who could be absorbed We also become absorbed You know there are two types of Absorbed That's why Shambhu Malik said Ramakrishna made a statement When I am eating I am sometimes not aware Of what I am eating Shambhu Malik said My condition also is like that He said You are absorbed in worry I am absorbed in God This is the difference Sometimes you know very funny things happen Ramakrishna wanted The power of Atarni from Girish Chandra Ghosh Before that what happened Girish you think of God Morning and evening He said no sir I am not aware What is morning and what is evening Or at least you take God's name Just before you take food He said it so happened so many times I ate food was not aware What I was eating because he was in that Intoxicated state Not God intoxicated state Wine intoxicated state Worry so we are also We can also be absorbed But that is first of all It is not God absorption And secondly it is a passive absorption I spoke extensively On this two types of life Active life and passive life You are watching A beautiful movie or you are reading A very absorbing page turner book You are absorbed really Time passes But what is the cause Are you absorbed or you made to Get absorbed It is called passive Some other force other than you It is out of your control That is what is happening The eleventh this one says What is Samadhi Parinama The tendency of the mind To get scattered Becomes less The tendency of the mind to focus To concentrate To think of only one thought becomes Slowly slowly time after time It becomes so strong That it develops What is that Parinama Named as when the mind Becomes absorbed in thinking about Spiritual thought God thought And doesn't deviate from it It is given a technical name What is that name Samadhi Parinama Samadhi Parinama Taking in all sorts of objects And concentrating upon one object These two powers being destroyed And manifested respectively The Chitta gets the modification Called Samadhi modification Parinama The mind is taking up various objects Running into all sorts of things And then there is a higher state of the mind When it takes up only one object To the exclusion Of every other object Samadhi is the result of that What Samadhi you are talking about Only less than Sampragnath Samadhi Not even Sampragnath Samadhi Then number twelve Sutra is telling The third last change What is that What is the name Ekagrata Parinama Ekagrata means absolute absorption Earlier what he said Samadhi What is he telling now Ekagrata When this tendency of the mind To think, to concentrate only upon One particular vritti Is a technical name Vritti means thought That is God thought, spiritual thought Becomes a habit Ultimate state where it never Breaks into many other thoughts That is called Ekagrata Parinama It is a beautiful aphorism What he says After attaining Samadhi Parinama After that Again Pratyaya means a thought Tulya means same thought It arises, it subsides It arises, no other thought is arising What is the other state I am thinking about a table I am thinking about Microphone, I am thinking about A lamp These are all separate thoughts But in Ekagrata what happens Same thought Krishna Krishna Krishna Same thought Is coming and subsiding Coming and subsiding Arising, subsiding Arising, subsiding Goes on and on And that is called Chittasya Ekagrata Parinama Ekagrata Parinama This is the highest Type of this thing So why he is telling Usually in our understanding Samadhi is supposed to be the highest And we use this word Samadhi very loosely In Samadhi also First of all there is a distinction What is the distinction In fact I can get A cat Samadhi also is there You know what is a cat Samadhi When a cat espied a rat Or a mouse And sitting outside the hole of the rat You know have you seen Documentaries What is called tigers and lions Before they jump Absolutely you know how they move Even it is said the paw It doesn't make Because those animals Go acutely in some small Sound and they fly away That's why these fellows go so slowly So interesting I am sure you have seen that Focus on that and say Where do you think their attention is And then they start running You must have seen that They are not going in search of various prey They have what is called Focus on one particular prey Even though there are so many Other things which they can overcome Their attention is on that Particular one So many times I am so much surprised Because side by side Another animal is running They can just put their paw like that No they are fixated on that Particular object Bone that is the animal We want That is also called Samadhi As an example I am not talking about that I am talking about what is called Asampragnata Samadhi and Asampragnata Samadhi This Samadhi, lower Samadhi Parinama is lower It is higher in comparison to Other concentrations But it is lower compared to The higher Samadhis So here Ekagrata becomes Absolutely same And that is what Sri Ramakrishna Vedantic language will call Brahma Aakara Vritti Krishna Aakara Vritti Kalika Aakara Vritti Etc This is the third change that takes place And each change is better than The other change So in total how many changes are there? Three, Nirodha change Samadhi Parinama second, higher than that is Ekagrata Parinama The one pointedness of Chitta is when it grasps In one, the past and present A bit involved What it means is What was the past thought? God. What is the present thought? God. Let me put it this way What was your thought 5 seconds back? God What was your thought 4 seconds back? God. What was your thought 3 seconds back? God. 2 seconds back? God. And 1 second back? God. And now? God. Next second? God. Next second? God. Means same thing like A wave it comes And it goes But it is exactly the Same thought and that is Called Ekagrata Parinama Etena Bhutendriyeshu Dharma Lakshana Avastha Parinama Vyakhyatha. We have completed Our explanation Of these three types of changes And what is the point? The point is life is a Series of changes whether we are Worldly people or spiritual people What is our goal now? To become spiritual and if we want To become spiritual we have to bring About a change. How do we bring About a change? First it will be a small Amount of concentration Then it will be more amount of Concentration. This is one Side of the story. What is the other Side? It is not only Ekagrata. Concentration It is first of all get rid of The undesirable Samskaras. Replace them With desirable Samskaras. That is called Nirodha Parinama Then afterwards the desirable Samskaras let it flow That Samskara That Samskara is there like a big Thorn and that thorn has got To be thrown out I will summarize this thing So beautifully it is. So what Changes should take place in us? This is telling Yama and Niyama. What is it? From Himsa to Ahimsa From Asatya to Satya From Stealing To Non-Stealing From Parigraha, accepting gifts To Non-Acceptance From Body Orientation To Divine Orientation. Brahmacharya I translated as Body Orientation to God, Divine Orientation. This is the first part What is the second part? From Impurity To Purity, Soucha Discontentment to Contentment. Dependence To Independence. Tapasya means what? Austerity. What is austerity? You are dependent upon Something. If it is not there you feel Unhappy. Now what are you trying to Do? What is Tapasya? Now You become independent. Means whether it is There, whether it is not there You are absolutely, your mind is In the same condition Then from External To Internal. All this time Our focus is directed Externally. Now our focus Is back to the Internal Then Self-Centredness To God-Centredness This is called Sharanagati. What is Ishwara Pannidhana? What is it? Self-Centredness to God-Centredness This is the change It should take place. How do we Put it? Here is a beautiful I have designed 10 questions What is that? It should be Mantra for us. Every day You have to think of these 10 questions Am I becoming less selfish? Is my desire for Kama, Kanchana, sex and money Becoming less? Is my Attachment to the world, family and friends Etc. growing less? Am I becoming more generous And charitable? Am I Able to accept criticism In a better Light? Five. What are the Other five? Am I longing for God more and more? Do I Delight more in practicing Japa Meditation, study of the scriptures And other spiritual practices? Do I Enjoy being alone and Focus on God? Am I Acutely aware of the passing Of time? Last Is my fear of old age And death getting Less? 10 questions Ask yourself every day I am doing so much Japa Is your attachment growing less? No. Ask these 10 questions More or less. Then you become a Questionable person. And If we really ask these questions And give honest answers And slowly that helps Us to find out Am I becoming more unselfish? No. I am very selfish I am very self-centered And I am scattered I am attached to my family etc. That means it is not A state of discouragement It is a state of Discovery of what we are And unless we discover it What does the doctor do when a patient Goes? He just grabs some Medicines and then gives it When a patient comes, what does the doctor Do? He will first find Out what is the problem and Then what is the appropriate Medicine and medication And diet etc. This is the normal procedure That is what the Patanjali is Trying to do it. Find out We are in an undesirable state But we don't think we are In an undesirable state When we really acutely Become aware We are in undesirable state Then only spiritual life Really starts. Until that Time it is a kind of idle Curiosity or whatever. But here We are. 10 questions Ask yourself. That is what Swami Maharaj said. Every day before Going to bed, ask yourself How much time did I spend Really earnestly in thinking About God? How much time did I Waste? Did I do something good? How much did I practice This New Year's Resolutions? One man was asked What is this New Year's Resolutions? He said this New Year's Resolution Is to practice My last year's Resolution. There are Wonderful sutras are coming One or two. After that We can skip over very fast Because they are all about Various types of Siddhis. That is Powers. Occult powers. Om Shanti Shanti Shanti