Mandukya Karika Lecture 006 on 30 June 2021: Difference between revisions

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May Ramakrishna, Holy Mother and Swami Vivekananda bless us all with Bhakti
May Ramakrishna, Holy Mother and Swami Vivekananda bless us all with Bhakti
now if you have anything to question or discuss please come
now if you have anything to question or discuss please come
[[Category:Mandukya Karika]]

Latest revision as of 16:57, 24 June 2023

Full Transcript(Not Corrected)

Om Jananem Sharadam Devim Ramakrishnam Jagadgurum Bhadapadme Tayo Shritva Pranamam Imuhur Muhuhur Om Bhadram Karne Vishrunuyama Deva Bhadram Pashyam Akshavirya Jatra Sthirai Rangai Stushtu Vagum Sastanu Bhi Vyashema Deva Hi Tanyadayu Swasthina Indro Vidhya Shravaha Swasthina Poosha Vishwa Vedaha Swasthina Starksho Arishta Neme Swasthino Brihaspati Hridadhatu Om Shanti Shanti Shanti Hare Om Om, O Gods, may we hear auspicious words with our ears while engaged in sacrifices. May we see auspicious things with the eyes while praising the Gods with steady limbs. May we enjoy a life that is beneficial to the Gods. May Indra of ancient fame be auspicious to us. May the supremely rich and all-knowing Poosha be propitious to us. May Garuda, the destroyer of evil, be well disposed towards us. May Brihaspati ensure our welfare. Om Peace, Peace, Peace be unto all. Here exploring the Mandukya Upanishad along with Godbada's Karika, I promised a long introduction and I am keeping it up. So in one of my last classes, I forgot to tell you that nowadays there are books, printed books how to chant some of the Vedic mantras. Our Bangalore ashrama had published a beautiful book in Kannada and our Mumbai ashrama had published in Sanskrit. So there are three things to be understood. When you find some vertical line on a particular syllable, it is called Udata and when you find a horizontal line that is called Anudata and if there is no symbol that is called Swarita. So Udata, Anudata and Swarita and sometimes you get double Udata. Double Udata means two vertical lines that means like that it has to be prolonged. Now we have been discussing as an introduction what is the real Veda because vast literature is there at least like the Encyclopedia Britannica it is there. So Swami Vivekananda clarifies the point to us very well. So this is what I have been quoting from Swami Vivekananda's lecture which came out as a book Hinduism and Sri Ramakrishna. Now I continue the creator himself is creating, preserving and destroying the universe with the help of these truths because Veda means eternal truths and creator Brahma himself is doing and the person in whom the super sensuous power is manifested is called a Rishi and the super sensuous truths which he realizes by this power are called the Vedas. So what is a Veda? When a Rishi becomes pure hearted in his pure heart there reflects the eternal truth that is to say it is our duty to make ourselves as mirrors. Once our heart becomes like a very pure clean mirror then it is bound to reflect the highest truth. If the mirror is dirty then it will be only reflecting partial truth distorted truth. This Rishihood, this power of super sensuous perception of the Vedas is real religion. The Vedas are the only exponent of the universal religion. The Vedas being the first, the most complete and the most undistorted collection of spiritual truths deserve to occupy the highest place among all scriptures, command the respect of all nations of the earth and furnish the rationale of all the respective scriptures. A good point to be noted down if a Hindu insists every religion that was in the past, present and in future has to respect Veda, it is not fanaticism but because the Veda is nothing but eternal truth and eternal truth is none other than God himself. Now we are going to enter into a very very important point. Swamiji continues, with regard to the whole Vedic collection of truths discovered by the Aryan race this also has to be understood that those portions alone which do not refer to purely secular matters and which do not merely record tradition or history or merely provide incentives to duty from the Vedas in the real sense. So vast Vedic truths are there. So it has to be understood that only those portions which do not refer to any secular matters, which do not merely record tradition or history, for example my grandfather has been doing this, great grandfather has been doing this, my 14 generations have been doing this, no, no history, oh there was a great king and he was born, he did this and this, so many things, that has nothing to do with Vedas, is only an elaboration, trying to find to explain the Vedic truths. So this is a very important point, now I will elaborate it a little bit on this. As I mentioned in the whole Gospel of Sri Ramakrishna which is almost nearly 1100 pages, what is the Veda? I often said the Gospel of Sri Ramakrishna is nothing but Veda, but I have to clarify by Veda I meant it contains both the Shruti and Smruti, when Sri Ramakrishna talks about and confirms the existence of God, when he says that each soul is potentially divine, the whole universe is a manifestation of God and every creature has no choice but to manifest his divinity, to know he is God and be forever, life is an opportunity for him to move forward in spiritual way, there is no other way. These are the only purely Shruti and the rest is Smruti, Ramakrishna tells parables, he cites some historical facts, he tells conversations he had with others, what Nangtha his guru told him, what a North Indian sadhu told him and sometimes there is also criticism, this has nothing to do with Veda, it is you can say Smruti, Smruti has the freedom to have all these things only when it supports the Shruti and when it tries to clarify the meaning of the Shruti to the ordinary intellects. So similarly I mentioned Swamiji's those three sentences, each soul is potentially divine, the goal is to manifest this divinity and do this either through Karma Yoga, Bhakti Yoga, Raja Yoga or Jnana Yoga and be free and that is the Veda, the rest is just secondary details which is called Smruti. So let us keep in mind, you will see every scripture, our Vedas are divided into so many mantras, so many Brahmanas, so many Aranyakas, so many Upanishads, it has nothing to do with Veda, true Veda, it is all elaboration or greater explanation of what the Vedic truths really are, that is what we need to understand all the time. Now the Vedas are divided into two parts, we know that the first part is called Karmakanda which I prefer to call Dharmakanda and the second part is called Jnanakanda, I prefer to call it Brahmakanda, Brahmakanda means that which leads us to Brahman, Dharmakanda means that which makes us prepare ourselves so that we can think of, we can be fit to seriously walk the path of spirituality. So Swamiji continues, the ceremonies and the fruits of the Karmakanda are confined within the limits of the world of Maya and therefore they have been undergoing and will undergo transformation according to the law of change which operates throughout through time, space and personality. So Karmakanda it goes through change because it is Karmakanda, social laws and customs likewise being based on this Karmakanda have been changing and will continue to change hereafter, that's why God incarnates to take into account the changing circumstances and how to apply those eternal truths to this or under this changing circumstances. Minor social usages also will be recognized and accepted when they are compatible with the spirit of the true scriptures and they conduct an example of holy sages. Again Swamiji continues, but blind allegiance only to usages such as are repugnant to the spirit of the scriptures and the conduct of holy sages has been one of the main causes of the downfall of the Aryan race. Nobody knows why so many people follow a particular conduct. Recently I came across an incident where one of the Swamis, he was narrating his experience. This Swami was called to attend a Vidwatsava, a meeting of wise pundits and then another Purohit was called and then he was asked to chant some Vedic mantras etc. Now this person came, he chanted but unfortunately there was one person who was a specialist in Pāṇiniya grammar and then he is very irritating type of person. He cannot tolerate the slightest mistake even with a symbol. So he called the Purohit and scolded him and said what is this? You have not been able to chant properly, you are supposed to chant it, it doesn't have Harsha, it has got Pluta, it has to be elongated, Dhirga. That Purohit got wild and said my father has taught me, he was taught by his grandfather, he was taught by his grandfather, our so many generations have been chanting like this, I am not going to change just because you come and tell me. This is called adherence to blind usage without thinking anything else. Anyway I will share with you a funny story. There was about 200 years back, there was a great Shouthi who used to perform Yajnas and people noticed that whenever he performed Yajnas, he will bring 3-4 cats and then tie to a pillar near where Homa was going on. So many times he had done, so many times, every single time people noticed it. Then they went on following and so it happened that 50-60 years have passed, it has become a tradition whoever does Homa, some cats have to be borrowed if they don't have and to be tied. Then finally one man became a bit curious, he asked this Shouthi who was very old by that time that everybody is following your example, they thought it is the Vedic Karma and we cannot deviate from it, what is the real reason? And then this Shouthi laughed and explained, you see I am very fond of these cats and then whenever I do this Yajna, these cats they don't want to stay inside the house, they will come here and naturally they want to smell and touch and make vichishta of the milk and sweets and so many things that are supposed to be offered to God. So they will raise a racket if I keep them inside, that's why I bring them here and they are quite happy even when I tie them up, that is the reason. Nothing to do with the ritual itself but people thought since a great Shouthi is doing, performing this, it must be this thing. How many stupid these acharas had come and how much it harmed people, just to mention Sathi, a young wife has to die along with her husband, if her husband happens to die all of a sudden and then he took Raja Ram Mohan Ray, great amount of effort, there is no such Vedic guidance, there is no such rule, it is impossible. Can a widow be remarried, that was the work of Raja Ram Chandra and then also Ram Mohan Ray and also Keshav Chandra Sen, they had to fight these orthodox Brahmins, no it is there in our dharma shastras etc. Some stupid fellow has introduced it and ever since it became Veda Vakya, this is what Swamiji wants us to be completely aware. So he says blind diligence only, usages such as repugnant to the spirit of the shastras and the conduct of the holy sages has been one of the main causes of the downfall of the Aryan race. Now it is the Gnanakanda or the Vedanta, Gnanakanda is called Vedanta, Vedanta is called the Upanishads, the essence of the Vedas is called Vedanta, the essence of the Vedas are Upanishads, therefore they are called Vedanta, another name for Vedanta is Upanishads. This Gnanakanda that has for all time commanded recognition for leading men across Maya, the deluding potency of the Lord and bestowing salvation on them through the practice of Yoga, Bhakti, Gnana or selfless work and as its validity and authority remain unaffected by any limitations of time, place or persons, it is the only exponent of the universal and eternal religion for all mankind. Then Swamiji continues, the Samhitas or the Dharmashastras of Manu and other sages following the lines laid down in the Karmakanda have mainly ordained rules of conduct conducive to social welfare according to the exigencies of time, place and persons, then about the Puranas, the Puranas etc. have taken up the truths embedded in the Vedanta and have explained them in detail in the course of describing the exalted life and deeds of Avataras and others. They have each emphasized besides some out of the infinite aspects of the divine Lord to teach men about them, but when by the process of time fallen from the true ideals and rules of conduct and devoid of the spirit of renunciation, addicted only to blind usages and degraded in intellect, the descendants of the Aryans failed to appreciate even the spirit of these Puranas etc. which taught men of ordinary intelligence the abstruse truths of the Vedanta in concrete form and diffuse language and appeared antagonistic to one another on the surface because of each inculcating with special emphasis only particular aspect of the spiritual ideals. And when, as a consequence, they reduced India, the fair land of religion, to a scene of almost infernal confusion by breaking up piecemeal the one eternal religion of the Vedas, Sanatana Dharma, the grand synthesis of all the aspects of the spiritual ideal into conflicting sects and by seeking to sacrifice one another in the flames of sectarian hatred and intolerance. Then it was that Shri Bhagawan Ramakrishna incarnated himself in India to demonstrate what the true religion of the Aryan race is, to show where amidst all its many divisions and offshoots scattered over the land in the course of its immemorial history lies the true unity of the Hindu religion which by its overwhelming number of sects discordant to superficial view quarrelling constantly with each other and abounding in customs divergent in every way has continued itself a misleading enigma for our countrymen and the butt of contempt for foreigners and above all to hold up before men for their lasting welfare as a living embodiment of the Sanatana Dharma, his own wonderful life into which he infused the universal spirit and character of this Dharma so long as cast into oblivion by the process of time in order to show how the Vedic truths eternally existent as the instrument with the creator in his work of creation, preservation and dissolution reveal themselves spontaneously in the minds of the Rishis purified from all impressions of worldly attachment and because such verification and confirmation of the scriptural truths will help the revival reinstatement and spread of religion, the Lord though the very embodiment of the Vedas in this his new incarnation has thoroughly discarded all external forms of learning, is a most wonderful point why did Sri Ramakrishna rejected formal learning for this reason that anybody with or without learning he is a fit person provided he is shraddhalu sincere he can realize God it's for this purpose and Sri Ramakrishna had kept Swami Adbhutananda as a shining example here I want to insert something do you really think that Sri Ramakrishna the incarnation was not able to teach Lotu Maharaj with his just mere look like mother Kali made an idiot into the world's greatest poet I am referring to Kalidasa could not have Sri Ramakrishna made him a great learned person he could have easily done then why did he not do it only there is a purpose behind every act of an incarnation there is a deep meaning Sri Ramakrishna wanted to prove that Veda Vedanta can come out of the mouth of even a babe provided it is sincere and it has the upheld the grace of God there is said a great legend was there you must have heard about Sant Gnaneshwar so there were some local pundits they were ridiculing him they outcast him because his father was a monk and then after becoming a monk he renounced sanyasa came back and took up householdership he was a married person before taking sanyasa at the behest of the Guru and the children were outcast the parents were outcast but this Sant Gnaneshwar wanted to prove the greatness one day a buffalo was walking in front of him simply Gnaneshwar commanded it oh buffaloji please recite Vedas and immediately the buffalo started reciting Vedas that means to say a realized soul is none other than Brahman he can make whatever he wants to make so an incarnation can do anything but if he did not do it there must be some purpose there must be some meaning behind it that the Lord incarnated again and again in human form for the protection of the Vedas or the true religion and of Brahmanhood or the ministry of that religion is a doctrine well established in the Puranas etc after rising from every fall our revived society is expressing more and more its innate eternal perfection and so also the omnipresent Lord in each successive incarnation is manifesting himself more and more but strong in the strength of this new spiritual renaissance men after reorganizing these scattered and disconnected spiritual ideals will be able to comprehend and practice them in their own lives and also recover from oblivion those that are lost and as the sure pledge of this glorious future the all-merciful Lord has manifested in the present age as stated above an incarnation which in point of completeness in revelation its synthetic harmonizing of all ideals and its promoting of every sphere of spiritual culture surpasses the manifestations of all past ages Swamiji makes a very remarkable statement Sri Bhagawan Ramakrishna is a reformed and remodeled manifestation of all the past great epoch makers in religion oh man have faith in this and lay it to heart with this my quotations from Swami Vivekananda's Hinduism and Sri Ramakrishna comes to an end now I will talk a little bit about Vedas Vedas are called Shrutis Shruti means a Rishi had experienced some greater truth either in the form and then he gave it a form either in the form of some Drishya something seen or something heard mostly it is as if he heard in the depths of his heart something that's why it is called Shruti and then he understood this is tremendously great sacred therefore he doesn't want to scatter sacred things to dogs so he when he finds worthy recipients he whispers them into the ears that's why it is called Shruti Parampara, Karna Parampara, Guru Shishya Parampara etc. Karna means ear, Karna Parampara means the wisdom nana we are not talking about rituals and other things the Vedic part of these things that come that was passed on from teacher to disciple even today all of us who are initiated it only comes from the Guru, Guru's mouth into the ears of the Shishyas we have to recognize it so Veda was orally transmitted to the disciples at the beginning and they in turn taught them to their disciples so that's why it became Guru Shishya Shruti or Karna Parampara and this Veda is a very vast literature but remember what we discussed earlier only those three things is there God, is there life after death and is there other world where the soul can go these truths are not possible for any scientist because science is nothing but the gathering, classifying, understanding rationally and formulating laws of what we call scientific laws only that knowledge that which is gained through the five sense organs your telescopes, your microscopes everything is nothing but is an extension of our sense organs a car, a bicycle, an aeroplane extension of our legs and so many instruments for example a cutting plier is an extension of your fingers that's all so a telephone is an extension of our ears, television is an extension of our eyes so all these things are extensions nearly but everything falls under sense organs only so that's why Vedas are called Shrutis and based upon Shruti a second tradition has come and that is called Smriti, Smriti means when these disciples who heard these truths from their teachers they wanted to convey to ordinary people then they had to create illustrative stories, parables, history, citation of have you heard about such a great saint, have you heard about Satyarit Chandra a great king etc. etc. to reinforce our understanding of the Vedic truths that's all that's why they are called Smriti, Smriti means memory so this Veda is a very vast literature but the essence of the Veda is only those simple three truths always keep them in mind each soul is potentially divine why because we are created by God or we are manifestations of God and so what could be the goal of life to manifest to know who we are by manifesting our own divinity through certain pathways by acquiring certain qualities etc. and finally that there are infinite paths because God is infinite the paths are also infinite so now I am going to give a few examples it is said that Sama Veda has 1000 branches out of which only two branches are available now that too not completely similarly in Yajur Veda 1180 branches were there out of which not even 100 are available now anyway there came a time when the literature Vedic literature was too vast a great soul whom we revere as a none other than an incarnation of God for that particular purpose not for Dharma Stapana but for Veda Stapana his name was Veda Vyasa Vyasa means editor the editor of the Vedas he collected whatever was available divided Vedic literature into four separate Vedas and then he taught one one Veda to one one his disciple and then they in turn have taught them to their disciples according to their capacity so that is how these Vedic branches have become smaller still smaller still smaller and many of them when they could not pass or did not pass they totally disappeared to our great in a way regret we have lost so much but in another way we don't need to regret because the most wonderful Upanishads are available to us and whatever is available is most marvelous somebody he told me Swamiji how I wish that we could collect all the sayings of Sri Ramakrishna all the talks of Sri Ramakrishna I said don't talk foolishly here is more than thousand pages whatever has been collected by him that's more than sufficient one page of the gospel of Sri Ramakrishna is more than sufficient one sloka of Bhagavad Gita is more than sufficient what do you want to go on collecting accepting that you will never read you will never practice practice it that's the most important thing so his system Veda Vyasa systematically divided these existing Vedic literature into four Vedas Rig Veda Sama Veda, Yajur Veda and Atharvana Veda and each Veda is subdivided into Mantra, Brahmana, Aranyaka and Upanishad and then so what happened was in Rig Veda the mantras are in poetical form because they are mantras Yajur Veda is in prose form Sama Veda mantras are in musical form they can be chanted the Gregorian music the prayer uttered by the mullahs and then there are so many pundits Hindu pundits who could chant this Sama Veda most melodious thing perhaps if you go to YouTube some examples you can get out of them and in Atharvana Veda most of the mantras are given by a particular Rishi called Atharva this name of Atharvana is introduced as we saw because we studied the Mundaka Upanishad in the first mantra of the Mundaka Upanishad he taught this Vedas to Atharva who was his eldest son so that we get that reference the God knowledge by Brahma declared to Atharvana Atharvana declared it to Angirasa he to Satyavaha and he to Bharadwaja Bharadwaja again to another person called Angiraha and both the higher and the lower knowledge so each Veda as we discussed earlier is divided into Karma Kanda, Dharma Kanda, Jnana Kanda, Brahma Kanda so what is the relationship one is like you know here is a person young boy and he wants to become a medical student for that to enter into medical college he has to fulfill certain prerequisites only then he will be able to enter in a similar way the purpose of the Karma Kanda is not to ensnare us in this world of samsara but to prepare our mind Chitta Shuddhi, Chitta Ekagrata, Chitta Vaishaliyata and Jignasa these are the four purposes purification of the mind by controlling our conduct and making it Dharmic then concentration of the mind through Upasanas then enlargement of our heart larger identity than only with merely this body that is called Chitta Vaishaliyata and the last is as a result tremendous spirit of inquiry into that which is unworldly God will come as a result of the Karma Kanda that's why Swami Vivekananda had to introduce specially this Karma Yoga because nobody can escape this then as I mentioned also that Karma Kanda is not Maya, Ramakrishna has elevated the very idea of what is called this Maya into Mahamaya okay then the Maya is the Shakti of the Divine, Divine Mother is the Shakti of the Divine Lord Parabrahma and this Maya manifests in two forms Kaja Ami, Paka Ami, unripe ego, ripe ego and they are also called Avidya Maya or Vidya Maya but the purpose of Avidya Maya is not to ensnare people it is gradually to purify the mind and to make it more concentrated and to make it more identified with other than one's own selfish body and mind, personality and finally to lead to that inquiry that is the purpose we have to clearly understand this simple truth but for Shri Ramakrishna we could never have understood it, this Avidya Maya has also another name we get in many Upanishads especially Kata Upanishad it is called Prayas, Prayas means Dharma, Artha and Kama but Srayas, Srayas means only one desire to realize God to know who I am, Atma Jnana, Brahma Jnana and that is called Vidya Maya so this Brahma Kanda it leads straight away while Karma Kanda prepares one for that purpose so graduate slowly one should start religious life with Dharma Kanda and graduate into spiritual life or Brahma Kanda or Atma Jnana similarly from Gauna Bhakti to Raga Bhakti, from Vaidhi Bhakti to Parabhakti, from Aparabhakti to Parabhakti without Dharma spirituality is impossible, without spirituality religious life remains incomplete this is very important for us all the activities in the action section of the Vedas are divided into three categories, Karma Kanda are dealing with actions, these actions are divided into three, why three because we can do actions only through three things what is it through our mind, through our speech and physically externally through our organs so Manasika, Vachika and Kayika so all these things have to be done when the rituals have to be done externally they are called Kayika when we have to meditate upon the presiding deities that are mentioned in the Karma Kandas we call it Upasanas and as a result of that when we become sufficiently progressive in spiritual life then we come to the final goal that is called Sanyasa or complete identification with Mahavakya so what is called Mahavakya is the very essence of the Vedas if anybody asks you what is a Mahavakya that is called Veda then what about other Vakyas than Mahavakya they are only mere elaborations that is a Smriti that is not a Shruti, Mahavakya alone is the Shruti we have to understand it and any mental activity that is associated with Eshwara or Saguna Brahma is called Upasana and all Upasanas produce benefits and I said four benefits they will give so one benefit is first of all Chitta Shuddhi purity of the mind, second benefit is concentration, Ekagrata, third benefit is the identity with a larger whole, fourth benefit is true enquiry, true desire for spiritual life is produced so this is what we have to understand of this the first thing that comes is Dharma, second that comes is Artha, third that comes is Kama all these fall into the benefits of Karma Kanda only when a person is sufficiently satisfied, satiated then only he can move on to the highest peak that is called Jnana Yoga or Brahma Yoga that's all so that is what we have to understand these are very brief things about the Vedas and as I discussed earlier also every desire has got, fulfilment of every desire has got three defects that every desire comes with its own the opposite Sukha comes with Dukha, secondly no enjoyment of any object can give full satisfaction only a little bit of satisfaction you eat for example the best sweet you say it is wonderful but if there was a little bit of rose flavor it could have been better everything is nothing is perfect everything has got what is called some deficiency, some insufficiency and every object that we enjoy it binds us in the form of I want it again and again and again so is there any defect free solution he says yes what is it that you don't need to run after Sukha because you are of the nature of Sukha you don't need to struggle to be alive you are immortal you don't need to struggle to obtain knowledge you are of the very nature of knowledge itself and you are Atman, Paramatman, Yorishwara hard at first to believe but if we go through this prayers if we go to through this Dharmarthakama if we go to through this Karma Kanda then our faith will increase and we will be able to form faith because Karma Kanda proves to us see here is something wonderful there is there are so many wants are there Dasaratha for example he did not have children then he sought the advice of Vasishta and Vasishta said our Vedas prescribe a ritual called Putrakamesti now you perform that one and Dasaratha had faith in it and with the help of Vasishta and others he performed it and as a result he got children so also anybody can get Dharmarthakama whatever a man wants do you want big job you can get and I have to insert here something very interesting there are two ways of obtaining anything in this world two ways one way is formal way another way is by the grace of God for example you want to become the world's greatest poet there are two ways go to the school study Vyakarana study Kavya study literature everything after may be 20-30 years there may be a slim chance of once becoming a poet but go to God just take refuge oh Lord I want to become a great poet and if you can get God's grace you will become a great poet so do you want money do you want children do you get married do you want to obtain a big job do you want to prevent diseases anything is possible only by the grace of God and that is what Karmakanda is meant to fulfill the desires if you have this desire perform this ritual and then what happens that's important you feel this is a proof that this Karmakanda will really work and where is this Karmakanda who is telling it Veda is telling it and then Veda is also telling not only Karmakanda it is also telling about Gnana Kanda telling about Parabrahma telling about Atman telling about Atma Gnana once a person has faith in the Vedas that it is written if I do this Japa if I do this ritual then you will get I will get this tentatively you experiment and then you get the result once you get the result again not once because once could be by fluke again and again and again and again every single time you did thing according to the prescribed means you get the result and then your heart will be possessed of tremendous Shraddha whatever is written in the Vedas is absolute truth once that Shraddha comes then your mind after fulfilling certain desires after quenching a little bit of the thirst curiosity then you say the greatest happiness the greatest immortal life the greatest knowledge everything I can get by knowing God and then the Vedas tell that God is none other than your own self this is the purpose of Karmakanda slowly to lead us to that faith that ultimately Veda is telling the truth and that is only solution everything else is defective whatever you may get from God is temporary once your result of ritual is over and the result also will come to an end like your credit card is over your hotel people will throw you out by giving notice so this is how this solution defect free solution is there but that has to be learned from a Guru and that is where the most importance comes the greatness of a Guru and this we will discuss in our next class we are not very far from the real Upanishad now and there are so many things very special things in this Upanishad but I will deal with that when the time comes Om Jananim Sharadam Devim Ramakrishnam Jagadgurum Pada Padme Tayo Sridhva Pranamami Mohur Mohuhu May Ramakrishna, Holy Mother and Swami Vivekananda bless us all with Bhakti now if you have anything to question or discuss please come